Human Heart Anatomy and Function
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Questions and Answers

What is the term used to describe both S3 and S4 heart sounds being heard simultaneously?

  • S5
  • S3S4
  • S7 (correct)
  • Duotricuspid
  • Which factor can amplify heart murmurs?

  • Blood pressure
  • Breathing deep (correct)
  • Body temperature
  • Heart rate
  • What is the formula for calculating cardiac output?

  • CO = SV / HR
  • CO = SV - HR
  • CO = SV * HR (correct)
  • CO = SV + HR
  • What does the ejection fraction represent?

    <p>The percentage of blood pumped out of the heart during each contraction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does parasympathetic stimulation affect heart rate?

    <p>Decreases heart rate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What causes an increase in heart rate due to hypoxia?

    <p>Lack of oxygen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is the heart located in the body?

    <p>Between the lungs in the thoracic cavity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the pericardium?

    <p>Separates the heart from other structures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement about arteries is correct?

    <p>Arteries always carry blood away from the heart</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the pulmonary circuit?

    <p>To allow blood to get oxygen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which layer surrounds the heart and is also the innermost layer of pericardium?

    <p>Epicardium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What separates the chambers of the heart?

    <p>Three septa: right atrioventricular, left atrioventricular, and interventricular septa</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the two atrioventricular valves in the heart responsible for preventing backflow?

    <p>Bicuspid and tricuspid valves</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which chamber of the heart is responsible for receiving blood continuously from the pulmonary circuit?

    <p>Left atrium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the papillary muscles in the heart?

    <p>To prevent backflow by contracting</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is the SA node located in the heart?

    <p>Superior and posterior aspect of right atrium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name for the phase where the ventricles contract but no blood enters or leaves?

    <p>Isometric contraction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which element causes the action potential (electrical current) in cardiac muscle cells?

    <p>Na, Ca, and K</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name for the amount of blood that is pumped out by the heart in one contraction?

    <p>Stroke volume</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Lub' sound heard through auscultation of the heart corresponds to which event in the cardiac cycle?

    <p>Closing of atrioventricular valves (S1)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Dub' sound heard through auscultation of the heart corresponds to which event in the cardiac cycle?

    <p>'P' wave on EKG</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of desmosomes in the intercalated disc of cardiac muscle cells?

    <p>Hold muscle cells together</p> Signup and view all the answers

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