Human Heart Anatomy and Function

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Questions and Answers

What is the term used to describe both S3 and S4 heart sounds being heard simultaneously?

  • S5
  • S3S4
  • S7 (correct)
  • Duotricuspid

Which factor can amplify heart murmurs?

  • Blood pressure
  • Breathing deep (correct)
  • Body temperature
  • Heart rate

What is the formula for calculating cardiac output?

  • CO = SV / HR
  • CO = SV - HR
  • CO = SV * HR (correct)
  • CO = SV + HR

What does the ejection fraction represent?

<p>The percentage of blood pumped out of the heart during each contraction (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does parasympathetic stimulation affect heart rate?

<p>Decreases heart rate (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What causes an increase in heart rate due to hypoxia?

<p>Lack of oxygen (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where is the heart located in the body?

<p>Between the lungs in the thoracic cavity (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the pericardium?

<p>Separates the heart from other structures (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about arteries is correct?

<p>Arteries always carry blood away from the heart (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the pulmonary circuit?

<p>To allow blood to get oxygen (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which layer surrounds the heart and is also the innermost layer of pericardium?

<p>Epicardium (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What separates the chambers of the heart?

<p>Three septa: right atrioventricular, left atrioventricular, and interventricular septa (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the two atrioventricular valves in the heart responsible for preventing backflow?

<p>Bicuspid and tricuspid valves (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which chamber of the heart is responsible for receiving blood continuously from the pulmonary circuit?

<p>Left atrium (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the papillary muscles in the heart?

<p>To prevent backflow by contracting (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where is the SA node located in the heart?

<p>Superior and posterior aspect of right atrium (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name for the phase where the ventricles contract but no blood enters or leaves?

<p>Isometric contraction (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which element causes the action potential (electrical current) in cardiac muscle cells?

<p>Na, Ca, and K (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name for the amount of blood that is pumped out by the heart in one contraction?

<p>Stroke volume (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'Lub' sound heard through auscultation of the heart corresponds to which event in the cardiac cycle?

<p>Closing of atrioventricular valves (S1) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'Dub' sound heard through auscultation of the heart corresponds to which event in the cardiac cycle?

<p>'P' wave on EKG (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of desmosomes in the intercalated disc of cardiac muscle cells?

<p>Hold muscle cells together (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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