Human Heart Anatomy and Function
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Questions and Answers

What is the formula for calculating cardiac output (CO) according to the text?

  • CO = SV * HR (correct)
  • CO = ESV - EDV
  • CO = HR - SV
  • CO = HR / SV

Which factor can increase HR by shortening repolarization according to the text?

  • Increasing calcium ions (correct)
  • Acetylcholine
  • Hypoxia
  • Nicotine

What is the normal stroke volume for a 150 lbs individual based on the information provided?

  • 90 ml
  • 30 ml
  • 50 ml
  • 70 ml (correct)

How is ejection fraction (EF) calculated according to the information given?

<p>EF = SV / EDV (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the difference between maximum cardiac output (CO) and resting CO?

<p>Cardiac Reserve (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which neural stimulation decreases heart rate by releasing acetylcholine?

<p>Parasympathetic stimulation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where is the heart located in the body?

<p>Between the lungs in the mediastinum (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement is true about the pericardium?

<p>It separates the heart from other structures (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the size of the heart compared to a human's body part?

<p>The size of a fist (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of athletes are likely to experience cardiac hypertrophy?

<p>Aerobic athletes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the pulmonary circuit?

<p>To let the blood get oxygen (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which chamber of the heart expels blood?

<p>Ventricles (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the atrioventricular valves in the heart?

<p>Prevent backflow from the ventricles into the atria (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where are the papillary muscles located and what is their function?

<p>In the ventricles, preventing backflow by pulling on chordae tendineae (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the SA node in the heart?

<p>Establishing the cardiac rhythm (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which element is responsible for causing the action potential (electrical current) in cardiac muscle?

<p>Sodium (Na) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During which phase of the cardiac cycle do semilunar valves close and atrioventricular valves remain closed?

<p>Isovolumic ventricular relaxation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name for the volume of blood left in the heart that didn't get pumped out?

<p>End systolic volume (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does an EKG with 10 electrodes provide that an EKG with fewer electrodes does not?

<p>Better diagnosis of cardiac problems (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of intercalated discs in cardiac muscle cells?

<p>Hold muscle cells together and allow ion flow between cells (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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