Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the focus of the next lecture after covering electrical activity in the heart?
What is the focus of the next lecture after covering electrical activity in the heart?
- Renal physiology
- ECG and its diagnostic applications (correct)
- Digestive physiology
- Respiratory physiology
What is the function of the endogenous group of cells in the heart?
What is the function of the endogenous group of cells in the heart?
- To regulate blood pressure
- To produce the ECG pattern
- To contract the cardiac muscles
- To function as the normal pacemaker in non-pathological situations (correct)
What does the electrical axis of the heart indicate?
What does the electrical axis of the heart indicate?
- The general direction of electrical activity flow in the heart (correct)
- The location of the endogenous pacemaker cells
- The overall direction of blood flow in the heart
- The site of implantable pacemakers
What will be covered in the next lecture after discussing the ECG?
What will be covered in the next lecture after discussing the ECG?
What is the primary focus of today's lecture on cardiovascular physiology?
What is the primary focus of today's lecture on cardiovascular physiology?
What is the purpose of an ECG in relation to the heart?
What is the purpose of an ECG in relation to the heart?
What is the function of cardiac output?
What is the function of cardiac output?
Which equation represents the calculation for cardiac output?
Which equation represents the calculation for cardiac output?
What is the primary function of cardiovascular regulatory mechanisms?
What is the primary function of cardiovascular regulatory mechanisms?
Which factor can affect blood pressure?
Which factor can affect blood pressure?
What is the function of peripheral resistance in the cardiovascular system?
What is the function of peripheral resistance in the cardiovascular system?
What does stroke volume represent in the cardiovascular system?
What does stroke volume represent in the cardiovascular system?
What is the primary role of arterioles in the cardiovascular system?
What is the primary role of arterioles in the cardiovascular system?
How can adjustments in the cardiovascular system affect blood pressure levels?
How can adjustments in the cardiovascular system affect blood pressure levels?
What is the main function of diuretics in treating high blood pressure?
What is the main function of diuretics in treating high blood pressure?
What is cardiac output a function of?
What is cardiac output a function of?
What does pulmonary mechanics primarily involve?
What does pulmonary mechanics primarily involve?
What is alveolar ventilation primarily modified by?
What is alveolar ventilation primarily modified by?
What causes the large upswing in depolarization during the cardiac action potential?
What causes the large upswing in depolarization during the cardiac action potential?
What is the duration range of the cardiac action potential in contractile muscle cells?
What is the duration range of the cardiac action potential in contractile muscle cells?
What causes the plateau phase during the cardiac action potential?
What causes the plateau phase during the cardiac action potential?
What is the resting membrane potential during the cardiac action potential in contractile muscle cells?
What is the resting membrane potential during the cardiac action potential in contractile muscle cells?
What leads to the large repolarization in phase 3 of the cardiac action potential?
What leads to the large repolarization in phase 3 of the cardiac action potential?
What process marks the beginning of repolarization during the cardiac action potential?
What process marks the beginning of repolarization during the cardiac action potential?
What closes during phase 1, trapping positively charged potassium in the cell?
What closes during phase 1, trapping positively charged potassium in the cell?
What leads to the elevated level of membrane potential during phase 2 of the cardiac action potential?
What leads to the elevated level of membrane potential during phase 2 of the cardiac action potential?
What marks phase 0 in the cardiac action potential?
What marks phase 0 in the cardiac action potential?
What causes the wave of depolarization that stimulates the contractile muscle cells?
What causes the wave of depolarization that stimulates the contractile muscle cells?
What is the role of calcium during the cardiac action potential?
What is the role of calcium during the cardiac action potential?
What are inward-rectifying potassium channels responsible for in phase 1?
What are inward-rectifying potassium channels responsible for in phase 1?
What prevents the atria from contracting and pushing blood into the ventricles while the ventricles are also contracting?
What prevents the atria from contracting and pushing blood into the ventricles while the ventricles are also contracting?
Which part of the heart's conduction system is our endogenous pacemaker?
Which part of the heart's conduction system is our endogenous pacemaker?
What happens if the SA node fails as the pacemaker of the heart?
What happens if the SA node fails as the pacemaker of the heart?
What is an ectopic pacemaker?
What is an ectopic pacemaker?
What happens if the AV node becomes the pacemaker of the heart?
What happens if the AV node becomes the pacemaker of the heart?
Why are modern pacemakers computerized?
Why are modern pacemakers computerized?
What is the equilibrium potential for sodium in pacemaker cells?
What is the equilibrium potential for sodium in pacemaker cells?
Which ion moves to get the average membrane potential to be -94 mV in pacemaker cells?
Which ion moves to get the average membrane potential to be -94 mV in pacemaker cells?
What drives the depolarization in pacemaker cells?
What drives the depolarization in pacemaker cells?
"Funny" channels, allowing both sodium and potassium through, open during which phase of the pacemaker potential/action potential?
"Funny" channels, allowing both sodium and potassium through, open during which phase of the pacemaker potential/action potential?
What continues the depolarization after "funny" channels begin to close during the pacemaker potential/action potential?
What continues the depolarization after "funny" channels begin to close during the pacemaker potential/action potential?
What happens after all of the ventricles depolarize during the action potential in pacemaker cells?
What happens after all of the ventricles depolarize during the action potential in pacemaker cells?
What is the function of the interventricular septum?
What is the function of the interventricular septum?
Why does the left ventricle have substantially greater muscle than the right ventricle?
Why does the left ventricle have substantially greater muscle than the right ventricle?
What is the primary role of the SA node in the heart's electrical conduction system?
What is the primary role of the SA node in the heart's electrical conduction system?
Why is the slowing down of the wave of depolarization as it reaches the AV node important?
Why is the slowing down of the wave of depolarization as it reaches the AV node important?
What is the function of Purkinje fibers in the heart's conduction system?
What is the function of Purkinje fibers in the heart's conduction system?
What is the main function of cells within the heart's conduction pathway system?
What is the main function of cells within the heart's conduction pathway system?
What is responsible for rapidly transferring electrical activity between cardiac muscle cells?
What is responsible for rapidly transferring electrical activity between cardiac muscle cells?
Why is continual stretching of the heart undesirable?
Why is continual stretching of the heart undesirable?
What is a function of desmosomes in the heart?
What is a function of desmosomes in the heart?
What is responsible for causing cardiac hypertrophy if stretched too far over a long period of time?
What is responsible for causing cardiac hypertrophy if stretched too far over a long period of time?
What is an important aspect of electrical conduction through internodal pathways in the atria?
What is an important aspect of electrical conduction through internodal pathways in the atria?
What is a distinguishing feature of pulmonary circulation compared to circulation throughout the rest of the body?
What is a distinguishing feature of pulmonary circulation compared to circulation throughout the rest of the body?
