Human Health and Disease in Dentistry

Human Health and Disease in Dentistry

Oral Health and General Health

• Oral health is linked to overall health, with connections to:
  • Heart disease
  • Diabetes
  • Respiratory disease
  • Pregnancy complications
• Bacteria in the mouth can spread to other parts of the body, contributing to infections and disease.

Common Dental Diseases and Conditions

• Tooth Decay (Caries):
  • Caused by bacterial fermentation of sugars
  • Leads to demineralization of tooth enamel and dentin
• Periodontal Disease (Gum Disease):
  • Inflammation of gums (gingivitis) and supporting tissues (periodontitis)
  • Can lead to tooth loss and system-wide inflammation
• Oral Cancer:
  • Most common type: squamous cell carcinoma
  • Risk factors: tobacco use, HPV, alcohol consumption, and UV radiation

The Mouth as a Gateway to Systemic Health

• The mouth is a gateway for infections to spread to other parts of the body
• Bacteria in the mouth can:
  • Enter the bloodstream and cause infections in other organs
  • Trigger systemic inflammation and disease

Preventative Measures and Treatment

• Regular dental check-ups and cleanings
• Good oral hygiene practices (brushing, flossing, and interdental cleaning)
• Fluoride use and dental sealants to prevent tooth decay
• Treatment of dental diseases and conditions to prevent systemic complications