Human Genetics Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the normal human chromosome diploid number?

  • 46 (correct)
  • 44
  • 23
  • 22

    • In DNA, adenine normally pairs with?

  • Uracil
  • Thymine (correct)
  • Guanine
  • Cytosine

    • Which of the following is true about genetic disorders?

  • They may result from mutations. (correct)
  • They can only be inherited.
  • They affect only physical traits.
  • They are always caused by environmental factors.

    • What does a genotype refer to?

    <p>The genetic makeup of an organism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following genetic disorders is caused by a trisomy of chromosome 21?

    <p>Down syndrome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the inheritance pattern of Duchenne muscular dystrophy?

    <p>X-linked recessive</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of an X-linked recessive trait?

    <p>Colorblindness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of genetic disorders, what does 'penetrance' refer to?

    <p>The proportion of individuals with a genotype that express the associated phenotype</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which is true of newborn screening tests for genetic disorders?

    <p>They can help in the early detection and management of certain conditions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about the role of genetic mutations in the development of inherited diseases is incorrect?

    <p>All genetic mutations lead to disease.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The idea that different pairs of alleles are passed to offspring during gamete formation is known as?

    <p>Independent assortment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Characteristics of women with Turner's syndrome include?

    <p>Short stature and infertility.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following patients has the highest risk of developing childhood cancers?

    <p>Patients with a family history of similar cancers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which syndrome is characterized by monosomy of chromosome 18?

    <p>Edwards syndrome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of mutation is characterized by the substitution of a single amino acid with another?

    <p>Missense mutation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which staining is used for the diagnosis of cytogenetic disorders?

    <p>Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements best describes the role of genetic mutations in the development of inherited diseases?

    <p>Mutations can be beneficial, neutral, or harmful.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following inheritance patterns is characteristic of autosomal dominant inheritance?

    <p>An affected individual must have an affected parent.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements accurately describes autosomal dominant inheritance?

    <p>Each child of an affected parent has a 50% chance of being affected.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the probability of having a child with a genetic disorder if both parents are carriers of an autosomal recessive disorder?

    <p>25%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following genetic disorders is characterized by an abnormality in the number of sex chromosomes?

    <p>Turner syndrome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of a multifactorial genetic disorder?

    <p>Diabetes mellitus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe an individual who has one copy of a mutated gene but does not show signs or symptoms of the associated disorder?

    <p>Carrier</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What best describes the impact of genetic mutations on inherited diseases?

    <p>Genetic mutations can either be harmful or have no significant effect on the development of inherited diseases.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which disorder is known to primarily affect males more than females?

    <p>Fragile X Syndrome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the inheritance pattern of Cystic fibrosis?

    <p>Autosomal recessive</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of mutation is characterized by the deletion of a part of the genetic material?

    <p>Deletion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of disorder is characterized by mutations in genes that are located on the X chromosome?

    <p>X-Linked Recessive disorder</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In terms of genetic, what is the term used for having two identical alleles at a particular locus?

    <p>Homozygous</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which genetic disorder is classified as multifactorial?

    <p>Cleft Lip and palate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of mutation leads to a change in a single amino acid in a protein?

    <p>Missense Mutation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which disorder is known to be genetically inherited via maternal inheritance?

    <p>Turner syndrome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which base in DNA pairs with adenine?

    <p>Thymine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following traits would typically be considered a phenotype?

    <p>Blood type</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the total number of chromosomes in a typical human somatic cell?

    <p>46</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What term describes the likelihood that an individual with a specific genetic mutation will exhibit symptoms of the related disorder?

    <p>Penetrance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which genetic disorder is characterized by a specific change in the structure of a chromosome?

    <p>Down syndrome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term best refers to the observable characteristics resulting from genetic expression?

    <p>Phenotype</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the inheritance pattern characterized by affected males passing the trait to all of their daughters but not sons?

    <p>X-Linked Dominant</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is true about dominant alleles on sex chromosomes?

    <p>They apply equally to alleles on both X and Y chromosomes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term mosaicism refer to in genetics?

    <p>An individual's tissues having a mix of genetically different cells.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition is associated with genetic mosaicism?

    <p>Turner Syndrome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can be inferred about individuals with Huntington's Disease?

    <p>An affected individual may show symptoms later in life.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes Turner Syndrome from other chromosomal abnormalities?

    <p>It involves the complete absence of one X chromosome.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about the inheritance of sex-linked traits is correct?

    <p>Males have a higher likelihood of expressing recessive alleles associated with X-linked traits.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which gene variant describes an individual's unique genetic makeup?

    <p>Genotype</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of X-inactivation in females?

    <p>Only one X chromosome remains active in every cell.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Multiple Choice Questions

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    Genetics Questions PDF

    Description

    Test your knowledge on basic human genetics concepts. This quiz covers topics such as chromosome numbers, DNA pairing, and genetic disorders. Challenge yourself and see how well you understand human genetic structures and their implications.

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