ODS Human Genetics
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Questions and Answers

What is one important influence of genetics in professional development for dental care providers?

  • Managing dental office staff
  • Understanding dental insurance policies
  • Recognizing origins of effects seen clinically (correct)
  • Performing dental procedures exclusively

Genetic counselling can provide insights into care options for pregnant women.

True (A)

What is one potential benefit of saliva test kits in dental care?

They can assess caries risk, periodontal disease risk, and cancer risk.

Care provision related to genetics includes social and emotional support for __________.

<p>patients and carers</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following areas related to genetics in dentistry with their descriptions:

<p>Professional development = Recognizing origins of clinical effects Care provision = Aid in diagnosis of disease condition Legal, Ethical &amp; Social = Anticipate care options</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect of care provision relates to the risks associated with genetic conditions?

<p>Risks – condition, care modalities, susceptibility vs resistance (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Affordability and access to genetic services are considered issues of fairness in dental care.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What common dental condition is associated with Down Syndrome?

<p>Hypodontia</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the genetic condition associated with a mutation in the CFTR gene?

<p>Cystic Fibrosis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Sickle Cell Anaemia is categorized as an autosomal dominant condition.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of mutation causes the stop codon to translate prematurely?

<p>Nonsense mutation</p> Signup and view all the answers

____________ is a dental condition characterized by the presence of extra teeth.

<p>Hyperdontia</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the medical condition to its genetic cause:

<p>Cystic Fibrosis = Mutation in CFTR gene Sickle Cell Anaemia = Mutation in beta-globin gene Achondroplasia = Mutation in FGFR3 gene Down Syndrome = Trisomy 21</p> Signup and view all the answers

What genetic variant is characterized by an error in DNA replication during cell division?

<p>Point mutation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Microdontia refers to larger-than-normal teeth.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the condition of having fewer teeth than normal?

<p>Hypodontia</p> Signup and view all the answers

Down Syndrome is also referred to as _____________.

<p>Trisomy 21</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which dental condition is associated with imperfect enamel formation?

<p>Amelogenesis Imperfecta (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary relevance of human genetics in dentistry?

<p>Identifying genetic factors in dental diseases (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Human Genome Project has no significant impact on healthcare.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does Mendel’s Principle of Inheritance explain?

<p>The inheritance of traits through alleles and their dominance.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Each human has _____ pairs of chromosomes inherited from both parents.

<p>23</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following terms with their descriptions:

<p>Alleles = Different forms of a gene Phenotype = Observable characteristics of an organism Genotype = Genetic makeup of an organism Random segregation = The process by which alleles separate during gamete formation</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a basic principle of human genetics?

<p>Genetic characteristics have alternate forms (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Gene mutations can have no impact on dental health.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of DNA in genetics?

<p>DNA carries the genetic information necessary for the development and functioning of living organisms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Human Genetics

  • Contains 23 pairs of chromosomes
  • Half of each chromosome is inherited from each parent
  • Chromosomes contain multiple genes
  • Genes are sequenced by DNA - AT, GC

Purpose of a Gene

  • Genes are a set of instructions for building and maintaining an organism
  • Genes are passed down from parents to offspring

Genomics vs Genetics

  • Genomics is the study of the whole genome
  • Genetics is the study of individual genes and their effects

Mendel's Principles of Inheritance

  • There are distinct characteristics (phenotype) in the human body
  • Each genetic characteristic (allele) has alternate forms
  • The dominant allele determines the phenotype
  • Alleles are randomly segregated

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Description

This quiz explores key concepts of human genetics, including chromosome structures, the purpose of genes, and differences between genomics and genetics. Additionally, it covers Mendel's principles of inheritance, highlighting how traits are passed through generations. Test your understanding of these essential topics in genetics.

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