Human Fertilization
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Questions and Answers

also known as conception, is the process by which sperm and ovum (sex cells) combine to create a single cell called zygote, which then duplicates itself again and again by cell division.

fertilization

rupture of mature follicle in either ovary and expulsion of its ovum which occurs every month until menopause

ovulation

also known as Fraternal Twins

dizygotic twins

resulted from the cleaving of one fertilized egg and are generally genetically identical

<p>monozygotic twins</p> Signup and view all the answers

genetic transmission of heritable characteristics from parents to offspring

<p>heredity</p> Signup and view all the answers

long, spiraling ladder whose steps are made of pairs of chemical units called bases

<p>deoxyribonucleic acid</p> Signup and view all the answers

coils of DNA of smaller segments called genes

<p>chromosomes</p> Signup and view all the answers

cell division of non-sex cells

<p>mitosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

cell division of sex cells

<p>meiosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

mistake in copying genetic code which creates permanent alteration in genetic material

<p>mutation</p> Signup and view all the answers

not affiliated to sexual expression

<p>autosomes</p> Signup and view all the answers

23rd pair which indicates the baby’s sex (XX, female: XY, male)

<p>sex chromosomes</p> Signup and view all the answers

produce alternative expressions of characteristics

<p>alleles</p> Signup and view all the answers

if two alleles are different

<p>heterozygous</p> Signup and view all the answers

allele that is always expressed or shows up as a trait in that person

<p>dominant</p> Signup and view all the answers

usually doesn’t show unless paired with another recessive trait

<p>recessive</p> Signup and view all the answers

interaction of several genes

<p>polygenetic inheritance</p> Signup and view all the answers

observable characteristics

<p>phenotype</p> Signup and view all the answers

environment can influence when and which genes turn on and off Refers to chemical molecules attached to a gene that alter the way a cell “reads” the gene’s DNA

<p>epigenesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

carry one bad copy of recessive gene and one good one

<p>carriers</p> Signup and view all the answers

effects of similar environment conditions on genetically different individuals

<p>genotype-environment interaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

environment often reinforces genetic differences

<p>genotype-environment correlation</p> Signup and view all the answers

parents tend to provide environment that encourages the development of that trait

<p>passive correlation</p> Signup and view all the answers

children with differing genetic makeups evoke different reactions from others, other people react to

<p>reactive or evocative</p> Signup and view all the answers

actively selects or create experiences consistent with their genetic tendencies

<p>active</p> Signup and view all the answers

tendency to seek out environments compatible with one’s genotype

<p>niche picking</p> Signup and view all the answers

result from the unique environment in which each child in a family grows up

<p>non shared environmental effect</p> Signup and view all the answers

inability to conceive a child

<p>infertility</p> Signup and view all the answers

eggs and sperm are combined in a laboratory dish

<p>in vitro fertilization</p> Signup and view all the answers

high frequency sound waves are directed into the pregnant woman’s abdomen

<p>ultrasound sonography</p> Signup and view all the answers

uses powerful magnet and radio images to generate detailed images of the body’s organs and structures

<p>fetal mri</p> Signup and view all the answers

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