Questions and Answers
What are the two essential elements required for designing an effective interface for human-computer interaction (HCI)?
An understanding of computer factors (software/hardware) and human behavior.
What does Cognitive Science explain in the context of HCI?
What does the acronym GOMS stand for?
Goals, Operators, Methods and Selection.
Humans can only perceive information through three senses relevant to HCI.
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Which of the following is not one of the modalities relevant to HCI?
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What does short-term memory in the context of human performance mean?
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Over _% of the human brain is involved with processing visual information.
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What influences the interactive performance in HCI?
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Study Notes
Learning Objectives
- Understand how human information processing impacts interface design in human-computer interaction (HCI).
- Explore the theories behind human cognition, perception, ergonomics, and performance prediction.
Human Information Processing
- Effective HCI design relies on understanding computer factors (software/hardware) and human behavior.
- Cognitive Science examines human capability and conscious processing of information.
- Ergonomics focuses on how sensory signals are processed and how they influence actions through motor systems.
Task Modeling and Human Problem-Solving
- Task/Interaction Modeling formulates steps for human interaction in problem-solving, aiding in interface design.
- Cognitive Science helps designers analyze tasks while shaping interaction models around innate human problem-solving processes.
Human Reaction and Prediction of Cognitive Performance
- Predict human reactions and performance based on specific interface designs through cognitive and ergonomic aspects.
- The "Gulf of Execution/Evaluation" concept highlights user confusion when system actions do not meet expectations.
Memory's Role in Interaction
- Short-term (working) memory contains meaningful task-related information; humans can remember approximately eight chunks at a time.
- Long-term memory retrieval can be slow, underscoring the importance of system designs that promote recognition over recall.
Predictive Performance Assessment
- GOMS (Goals, Operators, Methods, and Selection) model quantitatively estimates task completion time and assesses performance requirements.
- Originally designed for desktop computing, assessing metrics such as mouse clicks and keyboard input.
Sensation and Perception of Information
- Five senses are significant to HCI, focusing on:
- Visual
- Aural
- Haptic
- Tactile
Visual Modality
- Visual modality is the primary medium for information processing; over 40% of the brain is dedicated to visual information.
- Key properties of the human visual system influencing interface design:
- Visual and display parameters impact user understanding and engagement.
- Consideration of detail and peripheral vision ensures information is accessible.
- Color, brightness, and contrast are vital for effective visual communication.
- Pre-attentive features enhance quick information processing without conscious effort.
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Description
This quiz covers essential theories of Human-Computer Interaction, focusing on human information processing, sensation, perception, and ergonomics. Understand key concepts such as Fitts’s Law and cognitive performance prediction, which are critical for optimizing user experience in technology design.
