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Questions and Answers
At what age does maximum perceptual development take place according to the text?
At what age does maximum perceptual development take place according to the text?
- Three and a half to seven years old (correct)
- Five years old
- Eight years old
- Ten years old
Which sense is mature at birth and is noted to be the most preferred taste for infants?
Which sense is mature at birth and is noted to be the most preferred taste for infants?
- Hearing
- Taste (correct)
- Smell
- Sight
When does depth perception typically begin to develop in infants according to the text?
When does depth perception typically begin to develop in infants according to the text?
- Between six to eight months (correct)
- Around two years old
- At birth
- Between one to two months
What device was used to test the existence of depth perception in children according to the text?
What device was used to test the existence of depth perception in children according to the text?
How do infants learn according to the text?
How do infants learn according to the text?
What is a neonate?
What is a neonate?
Which of the following best describes motor behavior?
Which of the following best describes motor behavior?
How does motor development change as children get older?
How does motor development change as children get older?
What contributes to motor development according to cross-cultural research?
What contributes to motor development according to cross-cultural research?
How can child-rearing practices impact a baby's motor development?
How can child-rearing practices impact a baby's motor development?
Which stage is characterized by extremely rapid growth and development?
Which stage is characterized by extremely rapid growth and development?
At what age does motor development begin to level out somewhat?
At what age does motor development begin to level out somewhat?
Which motor behavior skills typically appear during early childhood (2-6 years)?
Which motor behavior skills typically appear during early childhood (2-6 years)?
How does climbing typically evolve in early childhood according to the text?
How does climbing typically evolve in early childhood according to the text?
At what age does eye-hand coordination develop to be very good according to the text?
At what age does eye-hand coordination develop to be very good according to the text?
What is a characteristic of sensory development related to vision according to the text?
What is a characteristic of sensory development related to vision according to the text?
When can a neonate discriminate the sound of their mother's voice according to the text?
When can a neonate discriminate the sound of their mother's voice according to the text?
When does depth perception typically begin to develop in infants according to the text?
When does depth perception typically begin to develop in infants according to the text?
At what age does maximum perceptual development take place according to the text?
At what age does maximum perceptual development take place according to the text?
What is the significance of the visual cliff in child psychology?
What is the significance of the visual cliff in child psychology?
How are infants described in terms of their sensory abilities at birth?
How are infants described in terms of their sensory abilities at birth?
Which statement best describes the process of perceptual development in infants?
Which statement best describes the process of perceptual development in infants?
At what age does sensory development in vision suggest that infants first open their eyes?
At what age does sensory development in vision suggest that infants first open their eyes?
Which statement best describes the sensory development of hearing in neonates?
Which statement best describes the sensory development of hearing in neonates?
During which stage of motor development do skills like running, jumping, and skipping typically appear?
During which stage of motor development do skills like running, jumping, and skipping typically appear?
In sensory development, which sense is noted to mature prior to birth and is preferred by neonates?
In sensory development, which sense is noted to mature prior to birth and is preferred by neonates?
What is a characteristic of sensory development related to vision in newborns according to the text?
What is a characteristic of sensory development related to vision in newborns according to the text?
Which statement accurately describes the motor development in children up to 6 years old?
Which statement accurately describes the motor development in children up to 6 years old?
What is the defining characteristic of the behaviors of a neonate?
What is the defining characteristic of the behaviors of a neonate?
Which factor is highlighted in cross-cultural research as contributing to motor development?
Which factor is highlighted in cross-cultural research as contributing to motor development?
During which stage of motor development do children become steadier and more flexible in their movements?
During which stage of motor development do children become steadier and more flexible in their movements?
What is the term used to describe bodily motion resulting from self-initiated force that moves bones and muscles?
What is the term used to describe bodily motion resulting from self-initiated force that moves bones and muscles?
Which concept suggests that motor patterns may be innately programmed and activated at specific times?
Which concept suggests that motor patterns may be innately programmed and activated at specific times?
At what age is an individual typically considered a neonate?
At what age is an individual typically considered a neonate?
What skills typically appear during early childhood (2-6 years) in terms of motor behavior?
What skills typically appear during early childhood (2-6 years) in terms of motor behavior?
At what age does eye-hand coordination develop to be very good according to the text?
At what age does eye-hand coordination develop to be very good according to the text?
What type of movement typically evolves from creeping according to the text?
What type of movement typically evolves from creeping according to the text?
What is a characteristic of sensory development related to vision in newborns according to the text?
What is a characteristic of sensory development related to vision in newborns according to the text?
How is sensory development related to hearing described in neonates according to the text?
How is sensory development related to hearing described in neonates according to the text?
When does sensory development in vision suggest that infants first open their eyes?
When does sensory development in vision suggest that infants first open their eyes?
What is the defining characteristic of motor behavior according to the text?
What is the defining characteristic of motor behavior according to the text?
In the context of motor development, what does the term 'neonate' refer to?
In the context of motor development, what does the term 'neonate' refer to?
Which factor is suggested by cross-cultural research to contribute to motor development?
Which factor is suggested by cross-cultural research to contribute to motor development?
During infancy (0-2 years), what marks the first stage of motor development?
During infancy (0-2 years), what marks the first stage of motor development?
Which statement best explains the nature versus nurture debate in motor development?
Which statement best explains the nature versus nurture debate in motor development?
What characterizes the behaviors of a neonate according to the text?
What characterizes the behaviors of a neonate according to the text?
At what age does depth perception typically start to develop in infants according to the text?
At what age does depth perception typically start to develop in infants according to the text?
What is the significance of the visual cliff device developed by Cornell University psychologists?
What is the significance of the visual cliff device developed by Cornell University psychologists?
Which sense is mature at birth and is most preferred in terms of taste for infants?
Which sense is mature at birth and is most preferred in terms of taste for infants?
When does maximum perceptual development typically occur in children according to the text?
When does maximum perceptual development typically occur in children according to the text?
What defines perception according to the text?
What defines perception according to the text?
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Study Notes
Perceptual Development
- Perception is the higher-order process of integrating, recognizing, and interpreting complex patterns of sensations
- Perceptual development is an active process: the infant actively participates in acquiring and interpreting perceptual information
- Maximum perceptual development takes place between the ages of three and a half and seven years of age
- Infants learn through perceptual experience: perception leads to new knowledge, which in turn influences future perception
Sensory Development
- Touch, taste, and smell are mature at birth; prefers sweet taste
- Can distinguish the smell of their mothers from the smell of an unfamiliar woman
- Hearing: begins prior to birth and is mature at birth
- Infant prefers frequencies of the human voice
- Neonates can hear nearly as well as adults
- A neonate can discriminate the sound of their mother’s voice as early as 3-days old
- Vision takes longer to develop than other senses
- When the newborn first opens his eyes, his/her visual focus is relatively fixed at about 9 inches from the cornea, which is approximately the distance between him and his mother’s face during nursing
- Eye muscles are weak; hence eye coordination is poor
Motor Development
- Motor development is the progressive change in movement throughout the life cycle
- Motor development becomes more sophisticated as the child gets older and they become steadier and more flexible in their movements
- Motor development is influenced by both nature and nurture
- Cross-cultural research has shown that early moving opportunities and a stimulating environment contribute to motor development
- Different child-rearing practices may change a baby’s moving opportunities and environment and therefore affect motor development
- Motor patterns could also be seen as being innately programmed and become activated at specific times
Motor Development Stages
- Stage 1: Infancy (0-2 years)
- Marked by extremely rapid growth and development
- By the age of 2 years old, this development has begun to level out somewhat
- Stage 2: Early Childhood (2-6 years)
- Characterized as the period of the most rapid development of motor behaviors
- Skills that appear are:
- Basic locomotor
- Ball-handling
- Fine eye-hand coordination
- Walking leads to running, jumping, hopping, galloping, and skipping
- Climbing evolves from creeping
- Stage 3: Later Childhood (6-12 years)
- The final stage does not have any marked new developments, rather it is characterized by the mastering and development of the skills achieved in the first two stages
- By 9 years eye-hand coordination has developed to being very good
- Growth is relatively slow
- This stage is terminated by the onset of puberty
- Motor skills are perfected and stabilized
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