Human Development Overview

The proportion of all the variability in the trait within a large sample of people that can be linked to genetic differences among those individuals.

<p>Age-Graded Influences and History-Graded Influences (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Imprinting (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A set of logically related concepts or statements that seek to describe and explain development and to predict the kinds of behavior that might occur under certain conditions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Explanations or predications that can be tested by further research.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The belief that one's group is superior than the other groups.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A study of a certain individual or group.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ethnographic Studies seek to describe the patterns of relationships, customs, beliefs, technology, arts, and traditions that make up a society's way of life.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A study to determine whether a correlation exists between variables, phenomena that change or vary among people or can be varied for purposes of research.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A controlled procedure which the experiment manipulated variables to learn how one affects another.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Actually, a correlational study; natural experiment; compares people who have been accidentally assigned to separate groups by circumstances of life.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Children of different ages are assessed at ONE point of time.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Study the SAME GROUP or PERSON more than once, or even years apart.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Data are collected on successive cross-sectional or longitudinal samples.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Humans were born with a series of innate, biologically based drives such as hunger, sex, and aggression, and early experiences shaped later functioning.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Children actively construct new understandings of the world based on their experiences.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Organization, Adaptation, and Equilibration.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Incorporating new information into existing cognitive structures.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Adjusting one's cognitive structures to fit the new info.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Children want what they understand of the world to match what they observe around them.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The first stage of Jean Piaget's cognitive development is Sensorimotor Stage.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>An infant learns to reproduce events originally discovered by chance.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Grouping of isolated behaviors and thoughts into higher-order systems.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cognitive conflict.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The ability to mentally represent objects and actions in memory, largely through symbols such as words, numbers, and mental picture.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The realization that something continues to exist when out of sight.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Proposal that children under age of 3 have difficulty grasping spatial relationships because of the need to keep more than one mental representation in mind at the same time.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A type of learning in which repeated or continuous exposure to a stimulus, reduces attention to that stimulus.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Tendency to spend more time looking at one sight rather than another.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ability that depends on the capacity to form and refer to mental representations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The ability to use information gained from one sense to guide another.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Jean Piaget's second stage of cognitive development, lasting from ages 2 to 7, characterized by the expansion in the use of symbolic thought.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Being able to think about something in the absence of sensory or motor cues.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Children imitate an action at some point after observing it.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Fantasy play, dramatic play, or imaginary play; Children use an object to represent something else.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Begin to use primitive reasoning and want to know the answers to all sorts of questions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Mentally link two events, especially events close in time, whether or not here is logically a causal relationship.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The concept that people and many things are basically the same even if they change in outward form, size, or appearance.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The tendency to attribute life to objects that are not alive.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Failure to understand that an action can go in two or more directions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The fact that two things are equal remain so if their appearance is altered, as long as nothing is added or taken away.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The awareness of the broad range of human mental states beliefs, intents, desires, dreams, and so forth and the understanding that others have their own.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>At about 7 years of age, children enter the stage of Concrete Operations according to Jean Piaget.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Involves making observations about particular members of a class of people, animals, objects, or events, and then drawing conclusions about the class as a whole.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Still same object even though it has different appearance.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Can picture what would happen if he tried to roll back the clay of snake.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ability to look at more than one aspect of the two objects at once.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Adolescents enter what Piaget called the highest level of cognitive development - Formal Operations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Methodical, scientific approach to problem solving, and it characterizes formal operations thinking.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Adolescents can think about thinking - their own and the other people's thoughts.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A conceptualized “observer” who is concerned with a young person's thoughts and behavior as he or she is.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Belief that they are special, their experience is unique, and they are not subject to the rules that govern the rest of the world.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Preconventional, Conventional, and Postconventional.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The child is good to AVOID PUNISHMENT because punishment equates, they must have done something wrong.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Society's norms for appropriate timing of life events.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Openness, Conscientiousness, Extraversion, Agreeableness, Neuroticism.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Seeks to complement and expand trait research by looking at personality functioning whole.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Well-adjusted, self-confident, articulate, attentive, helpful, cooperative, task-focused.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Shy, quiet, anxious, dependable, tend to keep thoughts to themselves and withdraw from conflict, subject to depression.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Have positive views in relationships, find it easy to get close to others, and are not overly concerned about romantic relationships.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hesitant about getting involved in romantic relationships and once they do, they distance themselves to their partners.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Demand closeness, less trusting, more emotional, jealous, and possessive.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The period of life between ages 40-65, where individuals experience a range of developmental and psychosocial changes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Involvement in finding meaning through contributing to society and leaving a legacy for future generations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Disconnected from communities because of their failure to contribute.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Overextension - they no longer allow themselves to relax and rest.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Rejectivity; no longer participating or contributing in society.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Holds that the course of development depends on when certain events occur in people's lives.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Those typically happen at certain times of life.</p> Signup and view all the answers

The study of how individuals change and grow throughout their lifespan, from conception to death.

The scientific field that investigates the influence of genetic and environmental factors on individual differences.

The process by which an individual adapts to their environment through learning and experience.

The proportion of individual differences in a trait within a population that can be attributed to genetics.