Podcast
Questions and Answers
When do infants typically develop the ability to lift their head while on their stomach?
When do infants typically develop the ability to lift their head while on their stomach?
What is the term for understanding that objects still exist even when out of sight?
What is the term for understanding that objects still exist even when out of sight?
When do infants typically start to crawl?
When do infants typically start to crawl?
What is the term for the process of eliminating unused neural connections?
What is the term for the process of eliminating unused neural connections?
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When do infants typically start to express emotions like happiness, sadness, and anger?
When do infants typically start to express emotions like happiness, sadness, and anger?
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What is the term for the strengthening of neural connections based on experiences?
What is the term for the strengthening of neural connections based on experiences?
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When do infants typically start to respond to their own name?
When do infants typically start to respond to their own name?
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What is the term for forming close relationships with caregivers?
What is the term for forming close relationships with caregivers?
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Study Notes
Human Development: Infancy and Toddlerhood
Physical Development:
-
Gross Motor Skills:
- Lifting head while on stomach (1-2 months)
- Rolling over (2-4 months)
- Reaching and grabbing toys (4-6 months)
- Sitting up with support (4-6 months)
- Crawling (6-10 months)
- Standing with support (9-12 months)
-
Fine Motor Skills:
- Bringing hands to midline of body (1-2 months)
- Transferring toys from one hand to another (4-6 months)
- Raking and grasping small objects (6-8 months)
- Using raking and grasping to pick up small objects (8-10 months)
Cognitive Development:
-
Sensory-Motor Stage (0-2 years):
- Infants learn by using senses and motor activities
- Object permanence: understanding that objects still exist even when out of sight (4-8 months)
Language and Communication:
-
Cooing and Babbling:
- Cooing (2-3 months): making vowel sounds
- Babbling (4-6 months): making consonant sounds
-
Vocal Play:
- Imitating sounds and facial expressions (4-6 months)
- Responding to own name (6-8 months)
Social and Emotional Development:
-
Attachment:
- Forming close relationships with caregivers
- Separation anxiety (6-12 months): distress when separated from caregivers
-
Emotional Development:
- Expressing emotions like happiness, sadness, and anger (4-6 months)
- Imitating emotional expressions (6-8 months)
Brain Development:
-
Neuron Pruning:
- Process of eliminating unused neural connections (0-3 years)
-
Synaptic Plasticity:
- Strengthening of neural connections based on experiences (0-3 years)
Human Development: Infancy and Toddlerhood
Physical Development
- Infants can lift their head while on their stomach by 1-2 months
- Rolling over is a milestone achieved by 2-4 months
- By 4-6 months, infants can reach and grab toys and sit up with support
- Crawling is a skill developed by 6-10 months
- Infants can stand with support by 9-12 months
Cognitive Development
- Infants learn through sensory-motor experiences from 0-2 years
- Object permanence is understood by 4-8 months, where infants realize objects still exist even when out of sight
Language and Communication
- Infants start cooing by 2-3 months, making vowel sounds
- Babbling begins by 4-6 months, with infants making consonant sounds
- Infants start imitating sounds and facial expressions by 4-6 months
- By 6-8 months, infants can respond to their own name
Social and Emotional Development
- Infants form close relationships with caregivers through attachment
- Separation anxiety is a common phenomenon in infants from 6-12 months, where they experience distress when separated from caregivers
- Infants start expressing emotions like happiness, sadness, and anger by 4-6 months
- By 6-8 months, infants can imitate emotional expressions
Brain Development
- The process of neuron pruning, where unused neural connections are eliminated, occurs from 0-3 years
- Synaptic plasticity, where neural connections are strengthened based on experiences, takes place from 0-3 years
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Description
This quiz covers physical development milestones in infancy and toddlerhood, including gross motor skills and fine motor skills.
