Human Development Concepts Flashcards

Questions and Answers

What is human development?

The processes involved in the improvement of people's freedoms.

What does the Human Development Index (HDI) measure?

Overall levels of development of countries.

Explain the connection between the structure of an economy and economic prosperity.

The structure of an economy predicts the level of development, as moving to higher service sectors increases productivity, leading to economic flourishing.

Identify the three key dimensions of human development.

Life expectancy at birth, expected and mean years of schooling, GNI per capita. Signup and view all the answers

What are economic sectors?

Collections of industries engaged in similar economic activities based on the creation of raw materials, production of goods, or provision of services. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary sector?

An economic sector associated with removing or harvesting products from the earth. Signup and view all the answers

What does the secondary sector involve?

Production of goods from raw materials. Signup and view all the answers

What is the tertiary sector?

An economic sector that includes activities involving transport, storage, marketing, and selling of goods and services. Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes the quaternary sector?

Service jobs concerning research and development, management and administration, and processing and disseminating information. Signup and view all the answers

What does the quinary sector involve?

Top leaders in government, science, universities, nonprofits, health care, culture, and media. Signup and view all the answers

What is a postindustrial economy?

An economic pattern marked by predominant tertiary sector employment. Signup and view all the answers

What does Gross Domestic Product (GDP) represent?

The total value of goods and services produced by a country's citizens and companies within the country in a year. Signup and view all the answers

What are dual economies?

Economies with two distinct distributions of economic activity across sectors. Signup and view all the answers

Identify occupations in the primary sector.

Farmers, fishermen, and miners. Signup and view all the answers

How are factories a good example of the secondary sector?

Factories take raw materials from the primary sector and manufacture them into goods. Signup and view all the answers

Identify occupations in the tertiary sector.

Doctors, engineers, construction workers, and retailers. Signup and view all the answers

Identify occupations in the quaternary sector.

Journalists, accountants, and researchers. Signup and view all the answers

Identify occupations in the quinary sector.

CEOs of companies, executives, and the President of the United States. Signup and view all the answers

How are the five economic sectors related to one another?

The primary sector provides raw materials for the secondary sector, which produces goods for the tertiary sector, with quaternary and quinary sectors managing and processing information. Signup and view all the answers

Explain how the core-periphery model applies to industrialization.

The core-periphery model applies to industrialization to a degree, as countries with little industrialization have a dominant primary sector. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Human Development Concepts

Human Development: Processes aimed at enhancing people's freedoms and overall quality of life.
Human Development Index (HDI): A composite measure ranging from 0 to 1 that assesses a country's development based on health, education, and income.

Economic Structure and Prosperity

The economy's structure influences its development level; as economies grow, labor shifts to higher service sectors, boosting productivity and economic flourishing.

Key Dimensions of Human Development

Life Expectancy: Represents health.
Education: Measured by expected and mean years of schooling.
Economic Wealth: Assessed through Gross National Income (GNI) per capita.

Economic Sectors Overview

Economic Sectors: Categorized based on similar economic activities like raw materials extraction, goods production, and services.

Sectors Defined

Primary Sector: Engages in harvesting natural resources; includes agriculture, fishing, forestry, and mining.
Secondary Sector: Focuses on transforming raw materials into finished goods; encompasses manufacturing and construction.
Tertiary Sector: Involves selling and providing services; also known as the service sector, includes transport, marketing, and storage.
Quaternary Sector: A subset of the tertiary sector focusing on knowledge-based services like research, management, and information processing.
Quinary Sector: Comprises top-level decision-makers in various fields, including government and academia.

Economic Patterns

Postindustrial Economy: Characterized by a majority employment in the tertiary sector alongside a notable presence of quaternary and quinary sectors.
Gross Domestic Product (GDP): Total value of goods and services produced within a nation over a year.
Dual Economies: Economies displaying distinct distributions of economic activity across different sectors.

Occupational Examples by Sector

Primary Sector Jobs: Include farmers, fishermen, and miners.
Secondary Sector Jobs: Comprise factory workers involved in the production of goods.
Tertiary Sector Jobs: Include healthcare professionals, construction workers, and retailers.
Quaternary Sector Jobs: Consists of researchers, journalists, and accountants.
Quinary Sector Jobs: Comprise leaders such as CEOs and government officials.

Interconnectedness of Sectors

The primary sector supplies raw materials to the secondary sector, which manufactures goods for the tertiary sector, which in turn offers services. The quaternary sector focuses on research and administrative roles, while the quinary sector makes strategic decisions.

Core-Periphery Model and Industrialization

The core-periphery model correlates with industrialization levels, indicating that less industrialized nations typically rely more heavily on the primary sector for their economic activity.

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Test your knowledge with these flashcards on key concepts related to human development, including the Human Development Index and its implications for economic prosperity. Perfect for anyone studying human development theory and application.