25 Questions
Which type of inflammation is also called the immune response?
Specific inflammation
What is the term for the natural barriers that are our first line of defense?
Innate barriers
What discourages the growth of bacteria on the skin?
Low skin temperatures
Which of the following is an example of a chemical barrier against microorganisms?
Saliva
What type of immunity evolves over time after birth?
Acquired immunity
Which layer of the body is included in the natural 'physical' barriers against pathogens?
Mucous membranes lining the respiratory tract
Which of the following best describes the role of endothelial cells during inflammation?
Regulating leukocyte extravasation through adhesion molecules
What is the primary role of platelets during inflammation?
Stemming blood flow to prevent excessive bleeding
What is the main function of neutrophils during the inflammatory response?
Destroying invaders and removing debris
What happens when the 'band' count is elevated on a Complete Blood Count (CBC) during inflammation?
It suggests the presence of severe inflammation
Which statement accurately describes the role of monocytes/macrophages during inflammation?
They contain larger and fewer lysosomes than neutrophils
What is the main function of inflammation in the body?
To promote healing with generation of new tissue
Which event occurs during inflammation pretty much simultaneously with an increased metabolic rate?
Dilation of blood vessels
'Humoral' in reference to inflammation implies that the response comes from which components?
Blood or plasma components
'Cellular' response in inflammation refers to a process originating from which type of cells?
'Lymphocyte' cells
'Humoral' response in immunity involves which of the following?
Complement factors
'Cellular' response in immunity involves which type of cells?
'Lymphocyte' cells
Which term tells us where the inflammatory response originates?
'Humoral'
Which cell type is considered an immature form of macrophage?
Monocytes
What is the main function of eosinophils in the body?
Tackling parasitic infections
Which cell type is involved in the allergic response and hypersensitivity disorders?
Basophils
What triggers the release of histamine and vasoactive agents from basophils?
Interaction with IgE
Which cells are particularly good at modulating the release of inflammatory mediators and degrading vasoactive molecules?
Eosinophils
Which cells are named according to their tissue location?
Macrophages
What is the main function of monocytes in response to inflammation?
Exiting the circulation
Study Notes
Inflammation and Immunity
- Adaptive immunity is also called the immune response.
- The term for the natural barriers that are our first line of defense is physical barriers.
- Sebum, an oily substance produced by sebaceous glands, discourages the growth of bacteria on the skin.
- Sweat is an example of a chemical barrier against microorganisms.
- Adaptive immunity evolves over time after birth.
- The epidermis, a layer of the skin, is included in the natural physical barriers against pathogens.
Cellular Response
- Endothelial cells play a role in inflammation by increasing blood flow and permeability.
- The primary role of platelets during inflammation is to form a platelet plug to stop bleeding.
- The main function of neutrophils during the inflammatory response is to phagocytose foreign particles and bacteria.
- When the "band" count is elevated on a Complete Blood Count (CBC) during inflammation, it indicates an increase in immature neutrophils.
- Monocytes/macrophages play a role in inflammation by phagocytosing foreign particles and bacteria and presenting antigens to T-cells.
Inflammation and Immune Response
- The main function of inflammation in the body is to defend against infection and repair tissue damage.
- During inflammation, an increased metabolic rate occurs simultaneously with an increased body temperature.
- "Humoral" response in inflammation implies that the response comes from antibodies (soluble factors).
- Cellular response in inflammation refers to a process originating from immune cells, such as T-cells and macrophages.
- The humoral response in immunity involves antibodies (soluble factors) produced by B-cells.
- The cellular response in immunity involves T-cells.
###Immune Cells
- The term "local" tells us where the inflammatory response originates.
- Monocytes mature into macrophages.
- The main function of eosinophils in the body is to combat parasites and modulate allergic responses.
- Eosinophils are involved in the allergic response and hypersensitivity disorders.
- Allergens trigger the release of histamine and vasoactive agents from basophils.
- Mast cells are particularly good at modulating the release of inflammatory mediators and degrading vasoactive molecules.
- Macrophages are named according to their tissue location.
- The main function of monocytes in response to inflammation is to mature into macrophages and phagocytose foreign particles and bacteria.
Test your knowledge on the specific and non-specific defense mechanisms in the human body, including inflammation, immune response, innate and acquired immunity. Explore the different ways individuals develop immunity based on their exposure to pathogens and foreign antigens.
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