Human Defence System Quiz

Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of the general defence system?

To enable the body to produce antibodies against antigens

To enhance the activity of lymphocytes in response to infections

To provide long-lasting immunity against specific pathogens

To act as a non-specific first line of defence against foreign molecules (correct)

Which cells are involved in the specific defence system?

Neutrophils and macrophages

Mast cells and basophils

Lymphocytes and monocytes (correct)

Platelets and red blood cells

What is a characteristic feature of active immunity?

Results from direct injection of antibodies

Provides immediate protection without prior exposure

Activates the body to produce its own antibodies (correct)

Involves antibodies passed from mother to child

What describes natural passive immunity?

Antibodies transferred from mother to child during breastfeeding Signup and view all the answers

How does artificial active immunity differ from natural immunity?

It involves the injection of the pathogen's antigen Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of B-lymphocytes in the immune response?

They produce antibodies to target pathogens Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is true regarding T-lymphocytes?

They do not produce antibodies directly Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of killer T cells?

To identify and destroy infected host cells Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the composition of the specific defence system?

Involves B-lymphocytes, T-lymphocytes, and other immune cells Signup and view all the answers

What describes a vaccine in the context of immunity?

An injection of a dead or deactivated microbe stimulating long-term immunity Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Immunity

Immunity is the ability of an organism to fight infections through various mechanisms.

General Defense System

Functions as a non-specific first line of defense against foreign molecules.
Composed of:
- Skin
- Enzymes
- Clotting factors (platelets)
- Mucous
- Cilia
- Acid

Specific Defense System

Acts as a second line of defense, targeting specific antigens.
Involves an antigen-antibody response with specialized white blood cells.
Composed of:
- Lymphocytes
- Monocytes
- Interferons
- Inflammation

Active Immunity

Occurs when the body produces its own antibodies.
Provides long-term immunity.

Passive Immunity

Offers short-term immunity as it involves the transfer of antibodies rather than production by the body.

Natural Passive Immunity

Antibodies transferred from mother to child, occurring during pregnancy or breastfeeding.

Artificial Active Immunity

Involves injecting or ingesting small doses of antigens, prompting the body to produce antibodies.
Example: Injection of a vaccine.

Vaccine

An injection of a dead or deactivated microbe designed to stimulate an antibody response, resulting in long-term immunity.

B-Lymphocytes vs. T-Lymphocytes

B-Lymphocytes:
- Mature in the bone marrow.
- Produce antibodies.
T-Lymphocytes:
- Mature in the thymus gland.
- Do not produce antibodies.

Killer T Cell Function

(Pending completion of information regarding the function of the killer T cell).

Description

Test your knowledge on the human defence system and its components. This quiz covers the principles of immunity, general and specific defence mechanisms, and their functions. Perfect for biology enthusiasts and students.