Podcast
Questions and Answers
What effect does increasing luminance have on visual acuity?
What effect does increasing luminance have on visual acuity?
- Increases visual acuity (correct)
- Makes visual acuity variable
- Decreases visual acuity
- No effect on visual acuity
Which statement about flicker perception is accurate?
Which statement about flicker perception is accurate?
- Flicker is less noticeable in peripheral vision.
- Flicker becomes more noticeable as the display size increases. (correct)
- Flicker is easiest to notice in central vision.
- Flicker decreases with larger displays.
What does saturation refer to in color perception?
What does saturation refer to in color perception?
- The spectral wavelength of light
- The amount of whiteness in the color (correct)
- The purity of the color
- The brightness of the color
What is the optical center in graphic design?
What is the optical center in graphic design?
How does reading speed compare between reading from a screen and reading from a book?
How does reading speed compare between reading from a screen and reading from a book?
What is the primary function of the outer ear?
What is the primary function of the outer ear?
Which of the following factors is NOT a component of sound?
Which of the following factors is NOT a component of sound?
What are the three subsystems of the Model of Human Processor?
What are the three subsystems of the Model of Human Processor?
What deficiency can result from a lack of rods in the human eye?
What deficiency can result from a lack of rods in the human eye?
Which receptors in the skin detect heat and cold?
Which receptors in the skin detect heat and cold?
Which ear is responsible for identifying the location of a sound?
Which ear is responsible for identifying the location of a sound?
Which type of vision do cones primarily provide?
Which type of vision do cones primarily provide?
In terms of visual perception, what does size constancy refer to?
In terms of visual perception, what does size constancy refer to?
What is the reaction time to an auditory signal?
What is the reaction time to an auditory signal?
What role do rapidly adapting mechanoreceptors serve?
What role do rapidly adapting mechanoreceptors serve?
How do rods and cones differ in terms of their location in the retina?
How do rods and cones differ in terms of their location in the retina?
What is the primary influence on user behavior that distinguishes human processors from computers?
What is the primary influence on user behavior that distinguishes human processors from computers?
How does the cocktail party effect relate to hearing?
How does the cocktail party effect relate to hearing?
What type of sound can be associated with confirming an action in interface design?
What type of sound can be associated with confirming an action in interface design?
What visual feature drives user attention according to peripheral vision design choices?
What visual feature drives user attention according to peripheral vision design choices?
What occurs in dim lighting as rods predominate vision?
What occurs in dim lighting as rods predominate vision?
Study Notes
Human Information Processing Model
- The model includes three subsystems: perceptual system (handles sensory input), motor system (controls actions), and cognitive system (processes and connects the two).
- Users analogized as information processing systems with aspects of input-output, memory, and processing.
- External factors like social and organizational environments influence human information processing.
Human Senses
- There are approximately 120 million rods and 6 million cones in the human retina.
- Cones are concentrated in the fovea (3–4%) and are sensitive to blue light, facilitating vision in daylight.
- Rods enable vision in dim light and are located peripherally in the retina; deficiencies lead to night blindness and color blindness.
Peripheral Vision
- Users can enhance attention to critical messages (e.g., flashing error messages) at the screen's bottom.
- Moving or distracting icons can affect visual focus, even if not directly looked at.
Visual Perception
- Perception shapes understanding—"We don’t see things as they are, we see them as we are."
- Size constancy and cues of familiarity or overlapping contribute to depth and size perception.
- Increased luminance enhances visual acuity but can also increase flicker perception.
Color Perception
- Components of color perception include hue (wavelength), intensity/brightness, and saturation (amount of whiteness).
- Color vision is best when objects are viewed with the fovea due to a higher concentration of cones.
Reading and Patterns
- Average adult reading speed is about 250 words per minute, recognizing words rather than scanning character by character.
- Word shape recognition is critical for reading speed, and standard font sizes (9 to 12 points) offer optimal legibility.
- Design considerations include the optical center of the page and minimizing familiarity distractions.
Human Ear and Sound
- The human ear processes frequencies from 20 Hz to 15 kHz, providing the ability to locate sounds based on slight differences in reception between ears.
- Sound components:
- Pitch (frequency)
- Loudness (amplitude)
- Timbre (quality of sound)
Interface Design Considerations
- Attention, status information, confirmation sounds, and navigation are critical design aspects for effective user interaction.
Touch and Skin Receptors
- Touch provides essential environmental feedback, despite being less important than vision and hearing.
- Skin receptors include thermoreceptors (heat/cold), nociceptors (pain), and mechanoreceptors (pressure).
Reaction and Accuracy
- Reaction times vary by stimulus: visual (200 ms), auditory (150 ms), and pain (700 ms).
- Combining signals can lead to faster responses, while practice enhances reaction time.
- Speed of reaction may impact accuracy; a balance must be maintained.
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Description
Dive into the second lecture of Human-Computer Interaction with Dr. Eng. Sadiq Ghalib. This session focuses on the Human Information Processing Model and the components of human modeling including perceptual, motor, and cognitive systems.
