Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the primary function of the circulatory system?
What is the primary function of the circulatory system?
- Regulating body temperature through sweat glands.
- Producing red blood cells and white blood cells.
- Transporting blood, nutrients, and oxygen throughout the body. (correct)
- Filtering waste products from the blood.
How many chambers are there in the human heart?
How many chambers are there in the human heart?
- Four (correct)
- Two
- Three
- Five
What type of blood do arteries typically carry?
What type of blood do arteries typically carry?
- A mix of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood.
- Blood to the kidneys for waste removal.
- Deoxygenated blood to the lungs.
- Oxygen-rich blood away from the heart. (correct)
Which of the following do veins transport?
Which of the following do veins transport?
What is the role of capillaries in the circulatory system?
What is the role of capillaries in the circulatory system?
What is meant by 'double circulation' in mammals?
What is meant by 'double circulation' in mammals?
Which heart chamber receives deoxygenated blood from the body?
Which heart chamber receives deoxygenated blood from the body?
Which of the following represents the correct order of blood flow in the circulatory system?
Which of the following represents the correct order of blood flow in the circulatory system?
Which structure is responsible for filtering air entering the respiratory system?
Which structure is responsible for filtering air entering the respiratory system?
Where does gas exchange occur in the lungs?
Where does gas exchange occur in the lungs?
What is the primary function of the kidneys in the excretory system?
What is the primary function of the kidneys in the excretory system?
Which organ stores urine before it is expelled from the body?
Which organ stores urine before it is expelled from the body?
What is the role of the testes in the male reproductive system?
What is the role of the testes in the male reproductive system?
Which structure in the female reproductive system is responsible for the potential development site of a fetus?
Which structure in the female reproductive system is responsible for the potential development site of a fetus?
What is the role of the diaphragm in the respiratory system?
What is the role of the diaphragm in the respiratory system?
What are the tubes that carry urine from the kidneys to the bladder?
What are the tubes that carry urine from the kidneys to the bladder?
Which of the following is NOT a function of the circulatory system?
Which of the following is NOT a function of the circulatory system?
What is the function of the seminal vesicles and prostate gland?
What is the function of the seminal vesicles and prostate gland?
Which structure connects the uterus to the vagina?
Which structure connects the uterus to the vagina?
What is the process called when the diaphragm contracts and pulls downwards, drawing air into the lungs?
What is the process called when the diaphragm contracts and pulls downwards, drawing air into the lungs?
Where does sperm mature and get stored?
Where does sperm mature and get stored?
What are the filtering units in the kidneys called?
What are the filtering units in the kidneys called?
Flashcards
Circulatory System
Circulatory System
The system responsible for transporting blood, nutrients, oxygen, and other essential substances throughout the body.
Heart
Heart
The heart is the pump that drives the circulatory system, beating around 100,000 times per day.
Atria
Atria
The atria are the upper chambers of the heart that receive blood from the body and the lungs.
Ventricles
Ventricles
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Arteries
Arteries
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Veins
Veins
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Capillaries
Capillaries
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Double Circulation
Double Circulation
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Kidneys
Kidneys
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Bladder
Bladder
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Testes
Testes
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Alveoli
Alveoli
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Testosterone
Testosterone
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Vas Deferens
Vas Deferens
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Gas Exchange
Gas Exchange
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Ovaries
Ovaries
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Breathing
Breathing
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Urethra
Urethra
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Nephrons
Nephrons
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Respiratory System
Respiratory System
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Ureters
Ureters
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Study Notes
Circulatory System
- Transports blood, nutrients, oxygen, and essential substances throughout the body.
- Composed of the heart, blood, and blood vessels.
- Heart: Pumps blood (approximately 100,000 times daily), four chambers (two atria, two ventricles). Right side receives deoxygenated blood, pumps it to lungs. Left side receives oxygenated blood, pumps it to the body.
- Blood Vessels:
- Arteries: Carry oxygen-rich blood away from the heart (e.g., aorta).
- Veins: Return deoxygenated blood to the heart (e.g., vena cava).
- Capillaries: Smallest vessels; site of gas, nutrient, and waste exchange.
- Double Circulation: Blood flows through the heart twice (pulmonary and systemic circuits). This ensures efficient oxygen delivery to tissues and return of deoxygenated blood to the lungs.
Respiratory System
- Brings oxygen into the body and removes carbon dioxide.
- Air Intake: Air enters through the nose or mouth (nose warms, moistens, and filters air).
- Pharynx & Larynx: The pharynx (throat) is a passage for air and food; the larynx (voice box) contains the vocal cords and directs air to the trachea.
- Trachea & Bronchi: Trachea (windpipe) prevents collapse with cartilage; divides into two bronchi (one per lung). Bronchi further branch into bronchioles.
- Alveoli: Tiny grape-like structures at the end of bronchioles; site of gas exchange with capillaries.
- Breathing Mechanisms: The diaphragm (large muscle) regulates breathing: Contraction pulls air in; relaxation forces air out.
Excretory System
- Removes waste and excess substances from the body.
- Kidneys: Filter blood, removing waste (urea, excess salts). Filtration occurs in nephrons containing glomeruli.
- Ureters: Carry urine from kidneys to the bladder.
- Bladder: Stores urine until expulsion. Average adult bladder holds 400-600 milliliters.
- Urethra: Urine exits the body through the urethra.
Reproductive Systems
- Male:
- Testes: Produce sperm and testosterone.
- Epididymis: Sperm matures and is stored.
- Vas Deferens: Transports sperm to urethra.
- Seminal Vesicles & Prostate Gland: Produce fluids for semen.
- Penis: Delivers semen.
- Female:
- Ovaries: Produce eggs (ova) and hormones (estrogen, progesterone).
- Fallopian Tubes: Site of fertilization.
- Uterus: Supports fetal development (if fertilization occurs).
- Cervix & Vagina: Cervix connects uterus to vagina (birth canal).
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