Human Body Systems Quiz

Study Notes

Photosynthesis: process by which plants make their own food
- Requires: light, water, carbon dioxide, and chlorophyll
- Produces: glucose and oxygen
Plant structures:
- Roots: absorb water and nutrients
- Stem: supports the plant
- Leaves: site of photosynthesis
- Flowers: produce seeds

Cell structure:
- Cell membrane: outer layer
- Cytoplasm: jelly-like substance inside cell
- Nucleus: controls cell growth
Cellular organelles:
- Mitochondria: generates energy
- Ribosomes: produces proteins
- Lysosomes: breaks down waste

Kingdom Plantae:
- Flowering plants (Angiosperms): produce seeds in fruits
- Conifers (Gymnosperms): produce seeds in cones
- Ferns (Pteridophytes): produce spores
- Mosses and Liverworts (Bryophytes): produce spores

There are 11 major human body systems that work together to maintain homeostasis.
The Nervous System controls body functions and enables communication between different parts of the body.
The Circulatory System transports oxygen and nutrients to cells and removes waste products.
The Respiratory System brings oxygen into the body and removes carbon dioxide through the process of breathing.
The Digestive System breaks down food into energy and nutrients that can be absorbed by the body.
The Endocrine System produces hormones that regulate various bodily functions.
The Immune System fights diseases and protects the body against pathogens.
The Muscular System moves the body and maintains posture.
The Skeletal System provides structure and support for the body.
The Integumentary System protects the body from external damage and regulates body temperature.
The Urinary System removes waste and excess fluids from the body.
The Reproductive System produces offspring and maintains the continuity of the species.

Photosynthesis is the process by which plants make their own food using light, water, carbon dioxide, and chlorophyll.
Photosynthesis produces glucose and oxygen as byproducts.
Plant roots absorb water and nutrients from the soil.
The stem supports the plant and transports nutrients and water to different parts of the plant.
Leaves are the site of photosynthesis and produce glucose and oxygen.
Flowers produce seeds that contain the genetic material necessary for plant reproduction.

The cell membrane is the outer layer of the cell that regulates the movement of molecules in and out of the cell.
Cytoplasm is a jelly-like substance inside the cell where metabolic processes take place.
The nucleus controls cell growth and contains the genetic material necessary for cell reproduction.
Mitochondria generate energy for the cell through the process of cellular respiration.
Ribosomes produce proteins necessary for cell growth and maintenance.
Lysosomes break down and recycle waste products and foreign substances in the cell.

Flowering plants (Angiosperms) produce seeds in fruits and are the most diverse group of plants.
Conifers (Gymnosperms) produce seeds in cones and are often found in cooler climates.
Ferns (Pteridophytes) produce spores and are often found in moist environments.
Mosses and Liverworts (Bryophytes) produce spores and are often found in damp environments.

Vertebrates (animals with backbones) include mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians, and fish.
Invertebrates (animals without backbones) include insects, arachnids, mollusks, and echinoderms.