Human Body Systems and Responses Quiz

Study Notes

Living organisms respond to stimuli to protect themselves.
Nervous and hormonal systems help produce responses.
Neurons are responsible for detecting and transmitting stimuli.
Receptors, part of neurons, detect stimuli and convert it into electrical impulses.
Examples of receptors: olfactory (smell), gustatory (taste).
Neurons carry information to different parts of the nervous system, called nerve conduction.
Synapses are gaps between nerve endings and dendrites of other neurons.
Sensory neurons transmit information from sense organs to the brain or spinal cord.
Motor neurons transmit information from the brain or spinal cord to muscles or glands.
Reflex actions are quick responses to dangerous stimuli, using a short neural pathway.
Brain is the main coordinating center of the body, protected by meninges, cerebrospinal fluid, and cranium.
Brain functions include thinking, decision making, storing information, reducing emotions, and controlling body functions.
Humans have voluntary and involuntary body functions.
Plants respond to stimuli through growth or changing cell shape.
Phytohormones cause tropic movements in plants.
Major phytohormones: auxins, gibberellins, cytokinins, ethylene, abscissic acid.
Hormones in animals help control body functions, secreted by endocrine glands.
Hormones reach target tissues or organs through the blood circulatory system.
Adrenaline is an example of a hormone that helps produce a response to a stimulus.
Iodized salt is important for thyroid hormone production.
Diabetes is a disease caused by insufficient insulin production, leading to high blood sugar levels.
Growth hormone, secreted by pituitary gland, is responsible for regular growth of body.
Testosterone is the male sex hormone, and estrogen is the female sex hormone.
Insulin is a hormone that controls blood sugar levels.
Diabetes can lead to harmful effects on heart, kidneys, and eyes.

Description

Test your knowledge on how living organisms respond to stimuli using nervous and hormonal systems. Learn about neurons, receptors, nerve conduction, synapses, sensory and motor neurons, reflex actions, brain functions, hormones in animals and plants, and the effects of hormonal imbalance.