Human Body Systems and Fluid Exchange

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What is the primary effect of increasing the number of cells in a complex body plan?

Having no effect on the ratio of outer surface area to total volume
Decreasing the ratio of outer surface area to total volume (correct)
Increasing the ratio of outer surface area to total volume
Maintaining a constant ratio of outer surface area to total volume

What is the purpose of specialized surfaces in complex body plans?

To increase the volume of bodily fluids
To decrease the rate of bodily fluid movement
To facilitate the movement of bodily fluids (correct)
To decrease the surface area of exchange surfaces

What is the function of interstitial fluid in complex body plans?

To provide structural support to cells
To regulate body temperature
To facilitate exchange between the circulatory fluid and cells (correct)
To transport oxygen to cells

What is the level of organization above organs in complex body plans?

Organ system (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the functional unit of organization above tissues in complex body plans?

Organ (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the fluid that fills the spaces between cells in many animals?

Interstitial fluid (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of epithelial tissue in the body?

To form active interfaces with the environment and protect against mechanical injury (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which type of tissue is responsible for forming the contractile wall of the heart?

Cardiac muscle (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of connective tissue in the body?

To hold many tissues and organs together and in place (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which type of tissue is characterized by a sparse population of cells scattered through an extracellular matrix?

Connective tissue (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for an animal that uses internal control mechanisms to regulate internal changes in response to external fluctuations?

Regulator (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which type of tissue is responsible for forming a barrier against pathogens and fluid loss?

Epithelial tissue (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary factor that determines the rate of exchange of materials in an organism?

Membrane surface area (A) Signup and view all the answers

Why is it necessary for a multicellular organism to have a suitable aqueous environment?

To facilitate exchange of materials (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the advantage of a sac-like body plan in a pond-dwelling hydra?

It provides a larger surface area for exchange (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason why a parasitic tapeworm has a thin, flat shape?

To increase its surface area for exchange (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between cell volume and the amount of material that must be exchanged to sustain life?

The amount of material is proportional to cell volume (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of a single-celled organism, such as an amoeba, that allows it to exchange materials with its environment?

It has a sufficient membrane surface area (D) Signup and view all the answers