Human Body Systems and Fluid Exchange

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary effect of increasing the number of cells in a complex body plan?

  • Having no effect on the ratio of outer surface area to total volume
  • Decreasing the ratio of outer surface area to total volume (correct)
  • Increasing the ratio of outer surface area to total volume
  • Maintaining a constant ratio of outer surface area to total volume

What is the purpose of specialized surfaces in complex body plans?

  • To increase the volume of bodily fluids
  • To decrease the rate of bodily fluid movement
  • To facilitate the movement of bodily fluids (correct)
  • To decrease the surface area of exchange surfaces

What is the function of interstitial fluid in complex body plans?

  • To provide structural support to cells
  • To regulate body temperature
  • To facilitate exchange between the circulatory fluid and cells (correct)
  • To transport oxygen to cells

What is the level of organization above organs in complex body plans?

<p>Organ system (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the functional unit of organization above tissues in complex body plans?

<p>Organ (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the fluid that fills the spaces between cells in many animals?

<p>Interstitial fluid (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of epithelial tissue in the body?

<p>To form active interfaces with the environment and protect against mechanical injury (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of tissue is responsible for forming the contractile wall of the heart?

<p>Cardiac muscle (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of connective tissue in the body?

<p>To hold many tissues and organs together and in place (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of tissue is characterized by a sparse population of cells scattered through an extracellular matrix?

<p>Connective tissue (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for an animal that uses internal control mechanisms to regulate internal changes in response to external fluctuations?

<p>Regulator (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of tissue is responsible for forming a barrier against pathogens and fluid loss?

<p>Epithelial tissue (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary factor that determines the rate of exchange of materials in an organism?

<p>Membrane surface area (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it necessary for a multicellular organism to have a suitable aqueous environment?

<p>To facilitate exchange of materials (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the advantage of a sac-like body plan in a pond-dwelling hydra?

<p>It provides a larger surface area for exchange (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason why a parasitic tapeworm has a thin, flat shape?

<p>To increase its surface area for exchange (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between cell volume and the amount of material that must be exchanged to sustain life?

<p>The amount of material is proportional to cell volume (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of a single-celled organism, such as an amoeba, that allows it to exchange materials with its environment?

<p>It has a sufficient membrane surface area (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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