Human Body Chapter 9 Flashcards
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Questions and Answers

What is homeostasis?

Condition in which all body systems are working at their best

What are cells?

The body's building blocks

What is metabolism?

The body's physical and chemical processes

What are organs?

<p>Each have a specific function in the body</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are tissues?

<p>Made up of a group of cells that perform a similar task</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the largest organ and system in the body?

<p>Skin</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the skin prevent in internal organs?

<p>Injury</p> Signup and view all the answers

The skin is also known as a ________ organ that feels heat, cold, touch, pain, and pressure.

<p>sense</p> Signup and view all the answers

Blood vessels ______ or widen when the outside temperature is too high.

<p>dilate</p> Signup and view all the answers

Blood vessels _______ or narrow when outside temperature is cold.

<p>constrict</p> Signup and view all the answers

Thinning skin is normal?

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

Bruising is a symptom?

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

Wounds are a normal body condition?

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

Wrinkles are normal?

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

Brown spots are a symptom?

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

Rashes or flaking of skin are a symptom?

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

The body is shaped by muscles, bones, ligaments, tendons, and cartilage?

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

The body has 215 bones?

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

Bones are made up of dead cells?

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

Muscles allow movement of body parts?

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the nervous system do?

<p>Controls and coordinates body functions</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the basic unit of the nervous system?

<p>Neuron</p> Signup and view all the answers

What cushions the brain and spinal cord against injury?

<p>Cerebrospinal fluid</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the cerebral cortex control?

<p>Thinking, speech, and voluntary muscles</p> Signup and view all the answers

What organ functions as the pump of the circulatory system?

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many chambers does the heart have?

<p>4</p> Signup and view all the answers

Respiration occurs in the lungs?

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

Expiration is breathing in?

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Homeostasis and Cellular Structure

  • Homeostasis refers to the ideal condition where all body systems operate effectively.
  • Cells are the fundamental building blocks of the body, vital for all biological functions.
  • Metabolism involves the chemical and physical processes that sustain life.
  • Organs carry out specific functions essential for maintaining homeostasis.
  • Tissues consist of groups of cells that perform similar tasks, enabling organ function.

Skin and Its Functions

  • The skin is the largest organ in the body and serves as a protective barrier.
  • It prevents injury to internal organs by functioning as the body’s outer shield.
  • The skin also acts as a sensory organ, detecting heat, cold, touch, pain, and pressure.
  • Blood vessels in the skin can dilate or constrict in response to temperature changes.

Normal Aging Signs vs. Symptoms

  • Some aging signs like thinning skin, wrinkles, and brown spots are normal.
  • Symptoms that may indicate health issues include bruising, rashes, and swelling.
  • Loss of muscle tone, bone density, and height are typical as the body ages.
  • Increased brittleness of bones, pain during movement, and changes in skin color are symptoms to monitor.

Muscular and Skeletal System

  • The body is supported by muscles, bones, ligaments, tendons, and cartilage, shaping its structure.
  • The human skeleton contains 206 bones that protect internal organs and facilitate movement.
  • Joints allow bones to meet, with hinge joints permitting movement in only one direction.
  • Skeletal muscles are voluntary, while the heart muscle is involuntary.

Nervous System and Brain Functions

  • The nervous system controls and coordinates all body functions, with neurons as its basic units.
  • The central nervous system comprises the brain and spinal cord, while the peripheral system includes nerves.
  • Cerebrospinal fluid cushions the brain and spinal cord from injury and damage.
  • Key brain functions include control over thinking, speech, voluntary muscles, and basic life processes.

Sensory Organs

  • Five main sensory organs are: eyes, ears, nose, tongue, and skin.
  • The retina in the eye sends visual information to the brain for processing.
  • Hearing involves three main parts of the ear: auricle, auditory canal, and tympanic membrane.

Circulatory System Overview

  • The heart, functioning as the circulatory system's pump, has four chambers.
  • The phases of the heart's function are systole (contracting) and diastole (filling with blood).
  • Blood’s red color is attributed to iron, while plasma is primarily composed of water.
  • Symptoms indicating potential heart issues include chest pain, swelling in extremities, and changes in pulse rate.

Respiratory System Functions

  • The lungs are the site of respiration, where oxygen is taken in and carbon dioxide expelled.
  • Oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged in the alveoli and capillaries.
  • The pleura is a membrane enveloping the lungs, aiding in their function.
  • Regular exercise is encouraged to enhance lung capacity and respiratory strength.
  • Symptoms such as fatigue, shortness of breath, and shaking can indicate health concerns.
  • Normal age-related changes include decreased lung strength and minor short-term memory loss.
  • Physical and cognitive symptoms like confusion, decreased sensitivity, and slower reflexes should be monitored.
  • Maintaining physical activity can help mitigate some age-related declines in health.

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Description

Explore key terms related to the healthy human body in Chapter 9. This quiz covers essential concepts such as homeostasis, cells, metabolism, organs, and tissues, providing a comprehensive review for students. Perfect for studying and reinforcing important biological vocabulary.

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