Human Body Anatomy Overview

Skull = Part of the head that encloses the brain Maxilla = Upper jawbone Occiput = Back of the head Thorax = Part of the trunk containing the chest cavity

Philtrum = Between the nostrils and mouth angles Cranial cavity = Space inside the skull containing the brain Oral cavity = Space where teeth, gums, and tongue are located Cervical vertebrae = Located in the neck region

Mandible = Mobile bone forming the lower jaw Maxilla = Immobile bone forming the upper jaw Neck = Part connecting the head to the trunk, providing mobility Forehead = Frontal part of the skull without mobility

<p>Eyelids = Provide protection for the eyes Nasolabial folds = Extend from nostrils to mouth angles Cheeks = Symmetrically distributed on each side of the head Eyelashes = Hairy excrescences from eyelids</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Trunk = Most corpulent part of the body composed of thorax, abdomen, and pelvis Vertex = Top of the head covered with hair Ears = Symmetrically distributed on each side of the head Temple = Laterally distributed part of the skull</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Thorax = Upper part of the trunk over the soft abdominal wall Abdomen = Extends from the diaphragm to the pelvis Pelvis = Lower extension of the abdominal cavity Shoulder blades = Upper region of the back</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Thoracic cavity = Heart, lungs, trachea, esophagus Abdominal cavity = Stomach, liver, intestines Pelvic cavity = Bladder, rectum, reproductive organs Retroperitoneal cavity = Kidneys, ureters, blood vessels</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Upper extremities = Arm, forearm, hand Lower extremities = Thigh, leg, foot Arm articulation = Elbow Foot articulation = Ankle</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Organ = Distinct structural unit made up of different types of tissue Tissue = Living matter composed of more or less uniformed cells Cell = Unit from which living matter is built up Protoplasm = Cell component containing nucleus</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Tissue fluid = Percolates through all minute spaces among body cells Capillary blood vessels = Nutrients diffuse out into this fluid for cell absorption Blood and lymph = Transfers waste products from cells via tissue fluid Ground-substance = May surround a cell and allow nutrient diffusion</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Epithelial tissue = Includes true epithelium like the outer layer of the skin Mechanical tissue = Ground substance is more important than cells, e.g., bone and cartilage Muscular tissue = Made up of smooth-muscle cells, cross-striated muscle cells, and heart-muscle cells Nervous tissue = Forms the whole nervous system and behaves differently from other tissues</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Parenchyma = Specialized working tissue of the organ Stroma = Less evolved supporting tissue holding parenchyma together True epithelium = Outer layer of the skin or epidermis Connective tissues = Ground substance is more important than cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Glands = Consist of parenchyma tissue Bone = Belongs to mechanical tissues category Heart = Contains heart-muscle cells in muscular tissues Nervous system = Composed of nervous tissue</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Smooth-muscle cells = Found in muscular tissues Cartilage = A type of mechanical tissue Cross-striated muscle cells = Part of muscular tissues Outer skin layer = Composed of true epithelium</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Epidermis = Forms the outer layer of the skin Stroma = Supporting tissue holding parenchyma together Muscular tissues = Made up of specialized muscle cells Nervous system development = Arises in the embryo from same layer as outer skin</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Face = Extends from the forehead to the chin Skull = Comprises four parts: frontal, temples, vertex, occiput Eyes = Partly covered with eyelids for protection Nasolabial folds = Extend from nostrils to angles of the mouth</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Upper jaw (maxilla) = Immobile Lower jaw (mandible) = Mobile Teeth, gums, tongue = Located inside the oral cavity Philtrum = Lies between symmetrical nasolabial folds</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Forehead = Frontal part of the skull Temples = Laterally distributed areas of the skull Vertex = Top of the head Occiput = Back of the head</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Neck = Connects head to trunk Cervical vertebrae = Give neck its mobility Organs, blood vessels, nerves = Found in front of cervical vertebrae Cranial cavity = Location of the brain inside the skull</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Thorax = Part of trunk containing chest cavity Abdomen = Part of trunk containing abdominal organs Pelvis = Lowermost part of trunk Trunk = Most corpulent part of the body</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Thorax = Upper part of the trunk Abdomen = Between diaphragm and pelvis Pelvis = Lower extension of the abdominal cavity Extremities = Attached to trunk by joints</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Arm = Connects shoulder to forearm Forearm = Between elbow and wrist Hand = End part with fingers and thumb Shoulder joint = Connects upper extremities to trunk</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Stomach = Upper part of peritoneal cavity Liver = Upper part of peritoneal cavity Small intestine = Lower part of peritoneal cavity Kidneys = Inside retroperitoneal cavity</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Knee = Connects thigh and leg Ankle = Connects leg and foot Coxal joint = Attaches lower extremities to trunk Thigh = Segment above leg</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Organ = Composed of organs and structures Tissue = Distinct structural unit made up of different types of tissue Cell = Basic unit from which living matter is built up Protoplasm = Living matter within a cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Thoracic cavity = Heart, lungs, trachea Abdominal cavity = Stomach, liver, intestines Pelvic cavity = 'Bladder, reproductive organs in females Retroperitoneal cavity = 'Kidneys, large blood vessels</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Diffusion = 'Substances moving from high to low concentration Nutrients absorption = 'Process from capillary vessels to tissue fluid to cells Waste elimination = 'Transfer from cells via tissue fluid to blood and lymph Blood circulation balance = 'Key for nutrients absorption and waste elimination</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Breasts (mammary glands) = 'Superior surface of chest with nipples and areolas Shoulder blades (scapulae) = 'Upper region of back symmetrically distributed on each side of backbone Loins (lumbar region) = 'Lower region of back symmetrically distributed on each side of backbone Extremities (arms and legs) = 'Connected to trunk by joints and consist of three segments each</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ectoderm = 'Forms outermost layer of skin and nervous system tissues Mesoderm = 'Gives rise to muscles, bones, blood, and connective tissues Endoderm = 'Develops into digestive system and respiratory system linings Protoderm = 'Not a primitive cell type</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Nipples encircled with areolas = 'Located at center of breasts for lactation purposes' Shoulder joint = 'Connects upper extremities to trunk allowing mobility' Coxal joint = 'Attaches lower extremities to trunk allowing mobility' Capillaries = 'Act as filters for substances in blood'</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Epithelial tissue = Closely packed cells with little ground-substance Mechanical tissue = Ground substance more important than cells, includes bone and cartilage Muscular tissue = Made up of smooth-muscle cells, cross-striated muscle cells, and heart-muscle cells Nervous tissue = Forms the whole nervous system, different behavior from outer skin</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Parenchyma = Specialized working tissue of the organ Stroma = Less evolved supporting tissue holding parenchyma together Epithelial tissue = Includes true epithelium like skin outer layer and lining membranes of hollow organs Nervous tissue = Behaves differently than outer skin, forms the whole nervous system</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Smooth-muscle cells = Part of muscular tissues, highly specialized Cross-striated muscle cells = Part of muscular tissues, highly specialized Heart-muscle cells = Part of muscular tissues, highly specialized Epithelial cells = Closely packed with little ground-substance</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Parenchyma = Specialized working tissue of the organ Stroma = Supporting tissue holding parenchyma together Epidermis = Outer layer of the skin True epithelium = Lining membranes of hollow organs and glands' parenchyma</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Epithelial tissue = Closely packed cells with little ground-substance Mechanical tissue = Ground substance more important than cells, includes bone and cartilage Muscular tissue = Made up of specialized smooth, cross-striated, and heart muscle cells Nervous tissue = Forms the entire nervous system, has unique behavior compared to outer skin</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Epithelial organs = Built up primarily from true epithelium and glandular parenchyma Mechanical organs = Composed mainly of bone, cartilage, and connective tissues Muscular organs = Contain smooth-muscle cells, cross-striated muscle cells, and heart-muscle cells Nervous organs = Formed from nervous tissue that makes up the entire nervous system</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Epidermis = Outer layer of the skin True epithelium = Closely packed cells with little ground-substance Mechanical tissues = Ground substance more important than producing cells like bone and cartilage tissues Nervous tissue = Arises from same layer as outer skin but behaves differently</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Smooth-muscle cells = Specialized for smooth muscle function in various organs Cross-striated muscle cells = Specialized for skeletal muscle function in voluntary movement Heart-muscle cells = Specialized for cardiac muscle function in heart contraction Nerve cells = Specialized for transmitting electrical signals in nervous system</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Parenchyma = Performs specialized tasks within the organ Stroma = Provides structural support and organization to the organ's components Epithelial tissue = Protects surfaces and lines cavities within the organ Nervous tissue = Coordinates communication and control throughout the organ</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Smooth-muscle cells = Highly specialized cells responsible for involuntary movements in various organs. Cross-striated muscle cells = Specialized muscle cells used for voluntary movements in skeletal muscles. Heart-muscle cells = Highly specialized muscle cells responsible for rhythmic contractions in the heart. Nerve cells = Cells specialized for transmitting electrical signals within the nervous system.</p> Signup and view all the answers