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Questions and Answers
What is the main function of the ribcage?
What is the main function of the ribcage?
How many pairs of ribs are there in the human ribcage?
How many pairs of ribs are there in the human ribcage?
What is the name of the opening at the base of the skull where the spinal cord passes through?
What is the name of the opening at the base of the skull where the spinal cord passes through?
What is the function of the intervertebral discs?
What is the function of the intervertebral discs?
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How many bones fuse together to form the cranium?
How many bones fuse together to form the cranium?
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How many vertebrae make up the human spine?
How many vertebrae make up the human spine?
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What is the term for the bony projections that extend from the vertebral arch?
What is the term for the bony projections that extend from the vertebral arch?
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Which of the following is NOT a type of rib?
Which of the following is NOT a type of rib?
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Study Notes
Ribcage
- Also known as the thoracic cage
- Protects organs in the chest cavity, including the heart, lungs, and major blood vessels
- Composed of:
- 24 ribs (12 pairs)
- Sternum (breastbone)
- 12 thoracic vertebrae
- Ribs are divided into:
- True ribs (1-7): attached directly to the sternum
- False ribs (8-10): attached to the 7th rib
- Floating ribs (11-12): not attached to the sternum or any other ribs
Skull
- Protects the brain and sensory organs (eyes, ears, nose, mouth)
- Composed of 22 bones that fuse together during childhood and adolescence
- Divided into:
- Cranium: upper part of the skull that encloses the brain
- Face bones: 14 bones that form the upper and lower jaws, nose, and orbit (eye socket)
- Features:
- Foramen magnum: opening at the base of the skull where the spinal cord passes through
- Nasal conchae: thin, curved bones that project into the nasal cavity
- Zygomatic arch: cheekbone that forms the prominence of the cheek
Vertebrae
- 33 vertebrae in the human spine, divided into:
- 7 cervical vertebrae (neck)
- 12 thoracic vertebrae (chest)
- 5 lumbar vertebrae (lower back)
- 5 sacral vertebrae (fused to form the sacrum)
- 4 coccygeal vertebrae (fused to form the coccyx)
- Each vertebra has:
- Body: main portion of the vertebra
- Vertebral arch: forms the posterior (rear) part of the vertebra
- Spinous process: bony projection that extends from the vertebral arch
- Transverse processes: bony projections that extend from the vertebral arch
- Intervertebral discs: soft, spongy tissue that separates adjacent vertebrae and acts as a shock absorber
Ribcage
- Thoracic cage protects heart, lungs, and major blood vessels in the chest cavity
- Composed of 24 ribs (12 pairs), sternum, and 12 thoracic vertebrae
- Ribs classified into true ribs (1-7), false ribs (8-10), and floating ribs (11-12) based on their attachment to the sternum
Skull
- Protects brain and sensory organs, including eyes, ears, nose, and mouth
- Composed of 22 bones that fuse during childhood and adolescence
- Divided into cranium (upper part) and face bones (14 bones)
- Features include foramen magnum, nasal conchae, and zygomatic arch
Vertebrae
- 33 vertebrae in the human spine, divided into cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral, and coccygeal regions
- Each vertebra has a body, vertebral arch, spinous process, and transverse processes
- Intervertebral discs act as shock absorbers, separating adjacent vertebrae
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Description
Learn about the structure and functions of the ribcage and skull, including their components and roles in protecting vital organs.
