Human Anatomy & Physiology: Male and Female
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary cause of cervical cancer?

  • Age-related changes
  • Chlamydia infection
  • Human papillomavirus (HPV) (correct)
  • Poor diet

    • Which symptom is NOT associated with cystocele?

  • Dysuria
  • Pelvic pressure
  • Urinary frequency
  • Abnormal vaginal bleeding (correct)

    • What treatment is commonly used for a diagnosed uterine prolapse?

  • Antibiotics
  • Kegel exercises
  • Hysterectomy (correct)
  • Radiation therapy

    • Which of the following is a symptom of ovarian cancer?

    <p>Pressure on the bladder</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended prevention for cervical cancer?

    <p>HPV vaccination and regular pap smears</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following structures is NOT part of the female reproductive anatomy?

    <p>Epididymis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone is primarily responsible for the regulation of the menstrual cycle?

    <p>Progesterone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common symptom of premenstrual syndrome (PMS)?

    <p>Irritability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common diagnostic test for males to assess prostate health?

    <p>Digital rectal examination</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does menorrhagia refer to?

    <p>Severe menstrual bleeding</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a sign or symptom typically associated with male reproductive disorders?

    <p>Changes in breast tissue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When does menopause typically occur?

    <p>Between ages 40 and 50</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a primary method for diagnosing menstrual abnormalities in females?

    <p>Blood tests</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary complication associated with endometriosis?

    <p>Infertility</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which symptom is most likely associated with vaginitis caused by Candida?

    <p>White cottage cheese-appearing discharge</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of treatment is typically recommended for pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)?

    <p>Antibiotics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What diagnostic method can be used to identify the cause of vaginitis?

    <p>Testing vaginal fluid pH</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a symptom of ovarian cysts?

    <p>Vaginal burning</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the type of tumor that is benign and commonly found in the female reproductive system?

    <p>Fibroid tumor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which treatment option may be considered for a woman with fibroid tumors who does not wish to have children?

    <p>Hysterectomy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common symptom of toxic shock syndrome?

    <p>Fever</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common symptom of breast cancer?

    <p>Nontender lump</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a treatment for hyperemesis gravidarum?

    <p>IV fluids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common symptom of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)?

    <p>Nocturia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic symptom of placenta previa during pregnancy?

    <p>Painless bright red vaginal bleeding</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What condition is associated with a positive pregnancy test and acute pelvic pain?

    <p>Ectopic pregnancy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a symptom of acute prostatitis?

    <p>Painful urination</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which treatment is recommended for mastitis?

    <p>Antibiotics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cancer is most common among males aged 20 to 35?

    <p>Testicular tumor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main cause of dyspareunia?

    <p>Physical or psychological conditions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common treatment for genital herpes?

    <p>Antiviral medications</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What defines infertility in a couple?

    <p>Inability to achieve pregnancy after one year of unprotected intercourse</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a symptom associated with hyperemesis gravidarum?

    <p>Excessive vomiting</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which treatment is commonly employed for chlamydia infection?

    <p>Antibiotics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Female Anatomy & Physiology

    • External Structures: Vulva (labia majora, minora, clitoris, vestibule, vestibular glands, hymen, vaginal orifice)
    • Internal Structures: Ovaries, fallopian tubes, uterus, cervix, vagina
    • Hormones: Estrogen, progesterone

    Male Anatomy & Physiology

    • External Structures: Scrotum, penis
    • Internal Structures: Testes, epididymis, vas deferens, urethra, seminal vesicles, bulbourethral and prostate glands

    Common Signs & Symptoms (Female)

    • Abdominal and pelvic pain
    • Fever and malaise
    • Abnormal vaginal discharge
    • Burning/itching genitals
    • Pain during intercourse
    • Breast tissue changes
    • Nipple discharge

    Common Signs & Symptoms (Male)

    • Urinary disorders (frequency, dysuria, nocturia, incontinence)
    • Pain in pelvis, groin, or reproductive organs
    • Lesions on external genitals
    • Swelling of reproductive organs
    • Abnormal penile drainage
    • Burning/itching genitals

    Diagnostic Tests (Female)

    • Bimanual examination
    • Hysterosalpingogram
    • Pap smear
    • Cervical biopsy
    • Cone biopsy
    • Dilation and curettage
    • Laparoscopy
    • Mammography
    • Blood tests

    Diagnostic Tests (Male)

    • Digital rectal examination
    • Cystoscopy
    • Biopsy
    • Laboratory tests (e.g., PSA)

    Female Reproductive System Diseases

    • Premenstrual syndrome (PMS)
    • Symptoms before menses, including headache, nausea, back/joint pain, edema, bloating, weight gain, breast tenderness, sleep disturbances, irritability, mood swings, and depression
    • Individualized treatment includes dietary changes (avoid caffeine, chocolate, nicotine, salt, sugar, alcohol)
    • Menstrual abnormalities (amenorrhea, dysmenorrhea, menorrhagia, metrorrhagia)

    Other Female Reproductive System Diseases

    • Menopause (natural cessation of menstruation, usually between ages 40-50, potential symptoms including hot flashes, night sweats, psychological symptoms)
    • Vaginitis (inflammation of the vagina, caused by bacteria, yeast, or other factors, symptoms include vaginal burning, itching, swelling of vagina, vaginal discharge, etc.)

    Male Reproductive System Diseases

    • Prostatitis (inflammation of the prostate gland, symptoms include dysuria, pyuria, fever, low back pain)
    • Prostatic carcinoma (cancer of the prostate gland, symptoms similar to BPH, treatment depends on the situation)
    • Epididymitis/Orchitis (inflammation of the epididymis or testes, respectively, symptoms include swelling, pain, tenderness, fever, malaise)
    • Testicular tumors (common in males 20-35, symptoms include painless mass in testicle)
    • Cryptorchidism (undescended testicle)

    Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STDs)

    • Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)
    • Hepatitis (viral infection of the liver) (Hepatitis B and C are spread by sexual intercourse)
    • Genital herpes
    • Gonorrhea
    • Syphilis
    • Chlamydia
    • Trichomoniasis

    Disorders of Pregnancy

    • Ectopic pregnancy
    • Spontaneous abortion (miscarriage)
    • Morning sickness
    • Hyperemesis gravidarum (excessive vomiting)
    • Toxemia (preeclampsia, symptoms include hypertension, weight gain, proteinuria, edema)
    • Abruptio placentae (separation of the placenta from the uterus)
    • Placenta previa (abnormal positioning of the placenta)

    Sexual Dysfunction

    • Dyspareunia (pain during intercourse)
    • Female arousal-orgasmic dysfunction
    • Impotence (erectile dysfunction, ED)
    • Premature ejaculation
    • Infertility

    Trauma

    • Rape
    • Difficult recovery

    Rare Diseases

    • Vaginal cancer
    • Puerperal sepsis
    • Hydatidiform mole

    Effects of Aging (Female/Male)

    • Female: thinning/graying of pubic hair, loss of elasticity, shrinking of internal organs, decreased vaginal lubrication, increased need for stimulation and lubricants, breast atrophy
    • Male: decrease in testosterone and sperm, decrease in testes size, loss of elasticity of penis and scrotum, thinning/graying of pubic hair, need for greater stimulation for erection, decreased ejaculate volume, enlarged prostate

    Cervical Cancer

    • Most common cause is HPV (Human Papillomavirus)
    • Symptoms include abnormal cervical bleeding
    • Risk factors include early age at first intercourse, multiple sex partners, smoking, and males who smoke/have a spouse with cervical cancer
    • Prevention includes reducing risk factors and getting regular pap smears.

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    Description

    This quiz explores the anatomy and physiology of both male and female reproductive systems. It covers external and internal structures, common signs and symptoms, and diagnostic tests relevant to each gender. Test your knowledge of crucial concepts in human biology!

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