8 Questions
What is the primary function of the nervous system?
To interpret and respond to stimuli
Which system is responsible for bringing oxygen into the body and removing carbon dioxide?
Respiratory system
What is the function of the skeletal system?
To provide structural support and protect organs
Which body region contains the brain, senses, and facial features?
Head
What is the function of the muscular system?
To move the body and maintain posture
Which cavity contains the brain?
Cranial cavity
What is the function of the circulatory system?
To transport oxygen and nutrients to cells
Which system produces hormones regulating body functions?
Endocrine system
Study Notes
Human Anatomy
Organ Systems
- Nervous system: controls body functions, interprets and responds to stimuli
- Central nervous system (CNS): brain and spinal cord
- Peripheral nervous system (PNS): nerves connecting CNS to rest of body
- Circulatory system: transports oxygen and nutrients to cells, removes waste
- Heart: pumps blood throughout body
- Arteries: carry oxygenated blood away from heart
- Veins: carry deoxygenated blood back to heart
- Respiratory system: brings oxygen into body, removes carbon dioxide
- Lungs: exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide
- Trachea: windpipe connecting lungs to throat
- Bronchi: airways connecting trachea to lungs
- Digestive system: breaks down food into nutrients
- Mouth: food intake and initial digestion
- Esophagus: food passage to stomach
- Stomach: food digestion and nutrient absorption
- Small intestine: nutrient absorption
- Large intestine: water absorption, waste elimination
- Endocrine system: produces hormones regulating body functions
- Pituitary gland: regulates hormone production
- Thyroid gland: regulates metabolism
- Adrenal glands: regulates stress response
- Pancreas: regulates blood sugar
- Immune system: defends body against pathogens
- Lymph nodes: filter lymphatic fluid
- Spleen: filters blood, stores immune cells
- Thymus: matures immune cells
- Muscular system: moves body, maintains posture
- Skeletal muscles: voluntary movement
- Smooth muscles: involuntary movement (e.g., digestive system)
- Cardiac muscles: heart contraction
- Skeletal system: provides structural support, protects organs
- Bones: provide framework, produce blood cells
- Joints: connect bones, allow movement
- Ligaments: connect bones, provide stability
- Tendons: connect muscles to bones
Body Regions
- Head: contains brain, senses, and facial features
- Neck: connects head to body, contains vital structures
- Thorax: contains heart, lungs, and ribs
- Abdomen: contains digestive organs, kidneys, and adrenal glands
- Pelvis: contains reproductive organs, urinary system, and lower back
- Upper limb: arm, forearm, wrist, and hand
- Lower limb: thigh, leg, ankle, and foot
Body Cavities
- Cranial cavity: contains brain
- Thoracic cavity: contains heart, lungs, and thoracic organs
- Abdominal cavity: contains digestive organs, kidneys, and adrenal glands
- Pelvic cavity: contains reproductive organs, urinary system, and lower back
Organ Systems
- Nervous system: controls body functions and interprets/responds to stimuli
- Consists of Central Nervous System (CNS: brain and spinal cord) and Peripheral Nervous System (PNS: nerves connecting CNS to rest of body)
- Circulatory system: responsible for oxygen/nutrient transport and waste removal
- Heart pumps blood throughout body
- Arteries carry oxygenated blood away from heart
- Veins carry deoxygenated blood back to heart
- Respiratory system: brings oxygen into body and removes carbon dioxide
- Lungs exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide
- Trachea is the windpipe connecting lungs to throat
- Bronchi are airways connecting trachea to lungs
- Digestive system: breaks down food into nutrients
- Mouth is responsible for food intake and initial digestion
- Esophagus passes food to stomach
- Stomach digests food and absorbs nutrients
- Small intestine absorbs nutrients
- Large intestine absorbs water and eliminates waste
- Endocrine system: produces hormones regulating body functions
- Pituitary gland regulates hormone production
- Thyroid gland regulates metabolism
- Adrenal glands regulate stress response
- Pancreas regulates blood sugar
- Immune system: defends body against pathogens
- Lymph nodes filter lymphatic fluid
- Spleen filters blood and stores immune cells
- Thymus matures immune cells
- Muscular system: moves body and maintains posture
- Skeletal muscles enable voluntary movement
- Smooth muscles enable involuntary movement (e.g., digestive system)
- Cardiac muscles contract the heart
- Skeletal system: provides structural support and protects organs
- Bones provide framework and produce blood cells
- Joints connect bones and allow movement
- Ligaments connect bones and provide stability
- Tendons connect muscles to bones
Body Regions
- Head: contains brain, senses, and facial features
- Neck: connects head to body and contains vital structures
- Thorax: contains heart, lungs, and ribs
- Abdomen: contains digestive organs, kidneys, and adrenal glands
- Pelvis: contains reproductive organs, urinary system, and lower back
- Upper limb: consists of arm, forearm, wrist, and hand
- Lower limb: consists of thigh, leg, ankle, and foot
Body Cavities
- Cranial cavity: contains brain
- Thoracic cavity: contains heart, lungs, and thoracic organs
- Abdominal cavity: contains digestive organs, kidneys, and adrenal glands
- Pelvic cavity: contains reproductive organs, urinary system, and lower back
Learn about the different organ systems in the human body, including the nervous, circulatory, and respiratory systems and their functions.
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