Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which part of the spinal column consists of five fused vertebrae?
Which part of the spinal column consists of five fused vertebrae?
- Cervical spine
- Coccyx spine (correct)
- Thoracic spine
- Lumbar spine
Which type of bone is primarily responsible for protecting internal organs such as the brain and heart?
Which type of bone is primarily responsible for protecting internal organs such as the brain and heart?
- Short bones
- Long bones
- Irregular bones
- Flat bones (correct)
What is the primary function of the jejunum and ileum within the gastrointestinal tract?
What is the primary function of the jejunum and ileum within the gastrointestinal tract?
- To deliver food to the stomach
- To mix food with digestive acids
- To continue the breakdown of food
- To absorb nutrients into the bloodstream (correct)
Which accessory respiratory muscles are primarily involved in expiration?
Which accessory respiratory muscles are primarily involved in expiration?
What role do sensory nerves play in the nervous system?
What role do sensory nerves play in the nervous system?
Which section of the spinal vertebrae is directly involved in supporting the weight of the body?
Which section of the spinal vertebrae is directly involved in supporting the weight of the body?
Which of the following serves as the beginning of the digestive tract?
Which of the following serves as the beginning of the digestive tract?
Which part of the respiratory system is responsible for moving oxygen and cleaning out waste?
Which part of the respiratory system is responsible for moving oxygen and cleaning out waste?
How many cervical vertebrae are present in the human spine?
How many cervical vertebrae are present in the human spine?
Which of the following vertebrae is part of the pelvis or base of the spine?
Which of the following vertebrae is part of the pelvis or base of the spine?
Flashcards
Central Nervous System (CNS)
Central Nervous System (CNS)
The brain and spinal cord, the control center of the body.
Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)
Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)
Nerves branching out from the CNS, connecting it to the rest of the body
Sensory Nerves
Sensory Nerves
Transmit information from the body to brain
Motor Nerves
Motor Nerves
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Cervical Spine
Cervical Spine
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Thoracic Spine
Thoracic Spine
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Long Bones
Long Bones
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Small Intestine
Small Intestine
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Ascending Colon
Ascending Colon
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Duodenum
Duodenum
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Study Notes
Nervous System Components
- The nervous system has two main parts: the Central Nervous System (CNS) and the Peripheral Nervous System (PNS).
- The CNS includes the brain and spinal cord.
- The PNS primarily consists of nerves.
Spinal Vertebrae Divisions
- Cervical spine: The top seven vertebrae (C1-C7) are located in the neck.
- Thoracic spine: The twelve vertebrae (T1-T12) are in the upper back, near the rib cage.
- Lumbar spine: The five vertebrae (L1-L5) are in the lower back.
- Sacrum spine: The five fused vertebrae (S1-S5) are located in the pelvis, at the base of the spine.
- Coccyx spine: The tailbone is made up of 3-5 fused vertebrae.
Accessory Respiratory Muscles
- Intercostal muscles: External intercostals are primary inspiratory muscles; internal intercostals are accessory expiratory muscles.
- Abdominal muscles: Accessory expiratory muscles.
Bone Types and Locations
- Long bones: Support body weight and facilitate movement, primarily located in the lower limbs.
- Short bones: Provide support and stability with minimal movement, found in the wrist and ankle joints.
- Flat bones: Include bones of the skull, and the rib cage (sternum and ribs), protecting internal organs like the brain and heart.
- Irregular bones: Have complex shapes and vary in structure; some protect internal organs, like the vertebral column protecting the spinal cord.
Digestive System Parts and Functions
- Mouth: Beginning of the digestive tract
- Throat (pharynx): Pathway for food
- Esophagus: Delivers food to the stomach
- Stomach: Muscular sac that mixes and holds food
- Small Intestines: Duodenum, jejunum, and ileum; 20 feet long; site of nutrient absorption through peristalsis.
- Large intestines (colon): 7 feet long; divided into ascending, transverse, descending, and sigmoid; absorb water.
Respiratory/Musculoskeletal System
- The respiratory system includes airways, lungs, and blood vessels, working together to move oxygen and remove waste.
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