Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which muscle is primarily responsible for hip abduction?
Which muscle is primarily responsible for hip abduction?
- M.psoas major
- M.quadriceps femoris
- M.gluteus medius (correct)
- M.gluteus maximus
What is one function of the M.gastrocnemius muscle?
What is one function of the M.gastrocnemius muscle?
- It performs hip flexion
- It adducts the arm
- It flexes the leg (correct)
- It causes knee extension
Which statement is correct regarding the M.pectoralis major?
Which statement is correct regarding the M.pectoralis major?
- It adducts the arm (correct)
- It pulls the scapula downward
- It primarily causes hip extension
- It assists in ankle dorsi flexion
Which muscle is known as the 'boxer muscle'?
Which muscle is known as the 'boxer muscle'?
What is the primary action of the M.tibialis anterior?
What is the primary action of the M.tibialis anterior?
Which type of joints are known as non-synovial joints?
Which type of joints are known as non-synovial joints?
What is the primary characteristic of synovial joints?
What is the primary characteristic of synovial joints?
What type of movement is defined as bending a limb?
What type of movement is defined as bending a limb?
Which axis extends from the right or left side of the body and is parallel to the ground?
Which axis extends from the right or left side of the body and is parallel to the ground?
What is the primary action of supination?
What is the primary action of supination?
Which movement is described as taking a limb away from the midline?
Which movement is described as taking a limb away from the midline?
What defines inversion in foot movement?
What defines inversion in foot movement?
What movement is associated with external rotation of the forearm?
What movement is associated with external rotation of the forearm?
What is myology the study of?
What is myology the study of?
Which muscle is known as the vaccine muscle?
Which muscle is known as the vaccine muscle?
What type of muscle contraction occurs without any change in muscle length?
What type of muscle contraction occurs without any change in muscle length?
Which muscle is responsible for flexion and supination of the forearm?
Which muscle is responsible for flexion and supination of the forearm?
Which of the following muscles is the strongest flexor of the thigh?
Which of the following muscles is the strongest flexor of the thigh?
How are muscles typically named?
How are muscles typically named?
What are motor units composed of?
What are motor units composed of?
What is the function of skeletal muscles except?
What is the function of skeletal muscles except?
Flashcards
Fibrous Joints
Fibrous Joints
Fibrous joints have no movement between bones.
Cartilaginous Joints
Cartilaginous Joints
Cartilage connects the bones in these joints.
Synovial Joints
Synovial Joints
Fully movable joints with a capsule and joint fluid.
Flexion
Flexion
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Extension
Extension
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Abduction
Abduction
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Adduction
Adduction
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Rotational Movement
Rotational Movement
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Gluteus Medius function
Gluteus Medius function
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Quadriceps Femoris function
Quadriceps Femoris function
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Hamstring muscles function
Hamstring muscles function
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Tibialis Anterior function
Tibialis Anterior function
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Pectoralis Major function
Pectoralis Major function
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Skeletal Muscle Function
Skeletal Muscle Function
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Motor Unit
Motor Unit
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Tendon
Tendon
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Isometric Contraction
Isometric Contraction
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Isotonic Contraction
Isotonic Contraction
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Muscle Origin
Muscle Origin
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Muscle Insertion
Muscle Insertion
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Muscle Naming
Muscle Naming
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Study Notes
Joints and Muscles
- Joints connect bones, enabling movement.
- Muscles contract to produce movement.
- Joints are classified according to their ability to move.
Joint Classification
- Fibrous joints: Immovable; bones connect directly. Examples include sutures in the skull.
- Cartilaginous joints: Slightly movable; bones are connected by cartilage. Examples include the ribs.
- Synovial joints: Freely movable; bones separated by a fluid-filled joint cavity. Examples include the knee and shoulder.
Synovial Joint Structure
- Articular capsule: Surrounds the joint.
- Synovial membrane: Lines the joint cavity, secreting synovial fluid.
- Articular cartilage: Covers the ends of bones, reducing friction.
- Ligaments: Connect bones, reinforcing the joint.
Angular Movements
- Flexion: Decreases the angle between two bones.
- Extension: Increases the angle between two bones.
- Hyperextension: Extension beyond the normal range.
Other Movements
- Abduction: Movement away from the midline.
- Adduction: Movement towards the midline.
- Rotation: Movement around a central axis.
- Lateral flexion: Bends the body sideways.
- Circumduction: Circular movement of a limb.
Supination and Pronation
- Supination: Palm faces anteriorly or upward.
- Pronation: Palm faces posteriorly or downward.
Inversion and Eversion
- Inversion: Sole of the foot turns inward.
- Eversion: Sole of the foot turns outward.
Muscle Types
- Skeletal muscle: Voluntary movement.
- Cardiac muscle: Heart.
- Smooth muscle: Involuntary movement.
Muscle Functions
- Produce movement.
- Generate heat.
- Stabilize posture.
Naming Muscles
- Named according to shape, size, location, or function; number of heads.
Muscle Contraction
- Origin: Muscle attachment at stationary bone.
- Insertion: Muscle attachment at moving bone.
- Isometric contraction: Muscle contracts but doesn't change length.
- Isotonic contraction: Muscle contracts, changing length.
Motor Unit
- A motor neuron and all muscle cells innervated by it are a motor unit.
- All motor units do not need to contract at once for movement to occur.
Facial Muscles
- These muscles originate from bone or fascia and insert into the skin.
- These muscles are collective called facial or mimic muscles
- Facial muscles allow for facial expressions
- They are innervated by the facial nerve.
Shoulder Girdle Muscles (e.g., Deltoid)
- Muscles that connect the upper limb to the axial skeleton.
- Involved in arm movement, such as abduction and flexion.
Other Muscle Groups and Regions
- Brachial region (e.g., Biceps brachii): Flexion and supination of the forearm.
- Triceps brachii: Extension of the forearm.
- Hip region (e.g., Iliopsoas): Flexion of the thigh.
- Glutes (e.g., Gluteus maximus): Extension, abduction and lateral rotation of the thigh.
- Femoral region (e.g., Quadriceps femoris): Extension of the knee.
- Crural region (e.g., Tibialis anterior): Dorsiflexion of the ankle.
- Thoracic region (e.g., Pectoralis major): Adduction and medial rotation of the arm.
Diaphragm
- The main muscle for breathing.
- Contracts during inspiration, increasing thoracic volume.
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Description
Test your knowledge on human anatomy with this quiz focused on muscle functions, types of joints, and movements. Explore key muscles such as the gastrocnemius and pectoralis major, and learn about the intricacies of muscle contraction and joint types.
