Human Anatomy Lab: The Microscope

Questions and Answers

What significant advancement did Zacharias Janssen contribute to the field of microscopy?

The use of multiple lenses in a tube. (correct)

Development of the first light microscope.

Introduction of the electron microscope.

The first recorded observation of cells.

Who is recognized as the Father of Microscopy?

Zacharias Janssen

Anton Van Leeuwenhoek (correct)

Galileo Galilei

Robert Hooke

Which of the following is true regarding the proper use of a microscope?

Keep the eyepiece at a fixed position while adjusting focus.

Always use the highest power objective first.

Ensure the specimen is well lit before use. (correct)

Focus only with the coarse adjustment knob.

What is a common issue experienced when moving to a higher power objective on a microscope?

The specimen often becomes blurry. Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about the microscope's function is incorrect?

It can only be used to view living cells. Signup and view all the answers

In which century did Anton Van Leeuwenhoek conduct his microscopic observations?

17th Century Signup and view all the answers

What does total magnification result from?

The combination of ocular lens and objective lens magnifications. Signup and view all the answers

What should be done if a specimen is difficult to focus under the microscope?

Refer to a checklist to identify the problem. Signup and view all the answers

What should you do after the image becomes clear when observing a specimen?

Switch to the fine adjustment knob. Signup and view all the answers

Which step is important when using the Oil Immersion Objective Lens?

Putting a drop of immersion oil on the slide. Signup and view all the answers

What must be checked regarding the stage before starting your observations?

The objective lens must be tightly screwed in. Signup and view all the answers

Before using a higher objective lens, what should you do with the light source?

Check for fingerprints on the bulb. Signup and view all the answers

What precaution should you take when rotating back to the lowest-power objective lens?

The objective should not touch the slide. Signup and view all the answers

Which objective lens requires immersion oil for proper functionality?

Oil Immersion Objective Signup and view all the answers

What feature distinguishes the Iris Diaphragm from other components of a microscope?

It regulates the amount of light passing through. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements regarding the High Power Objective is incorrect?

It must use oil to visualize the specimen. Signup and view all the answers

Which type of illumination is most commonly used in microscopy to achieve even light distribution?

Koehler (Köhler) Illumination Signup and view all the answers

What is a key consideration when using the microscope, regarding its physical handling?

Always carry the microscope with two hands. Signup and view all the answers

What effect does immersion oil have when using the oil immersion objective?

Increases the refractive index. Signup and view all the answers

What happens if the critical illumination method is not properly focused?

The light will not focus on the specimen adequately. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following accurately describes the main purpose of the Dry Objective?

To visualize specimens without the use of oil. Signup and view all the answers

What type of image does a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) produce?

A 3-dimensional surface features image Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary use of the Dark Field Microscope?

To observe very thin bacteria and spirochetes Signup and view all the answers

Which component of a compound microscope is responsible for holding the ocular in place?

The body tube Signup and view all the answers

What characteristic distinguishes the Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) from the SEM?

TEM has a significantly higher magnification Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the background when using a Dark Field Microscope?

The background appears black Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the compound microscope is primarily used for changing magnification levels?

The nosepiece Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the eyepiece in a compound microscope?

To magnify the image seen by the observer Signup and view all the answers

How does the magnification of the TEM compare to the SEM?

TEM magnification is significantly higher than SEM Signup and view all the answers

Which component of the microscope primarily supports the prepared microscope slide?

Stage Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the diaphragm in the microscope?

To change the intensity of light Signup and view all the answers

Which objective is primarily used for the initial location of specimens?

Scanning Objective Signup and view all the answers

Which type of diaphragm features a rotating disc with various holes and diameters?

Disk Diaphragm Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the fine adjustment knob on a microscope?

To make very slight adjustments to focus Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the microscope is generally responsible for illumination?

Lamp Signup and view all the answers

What type of light source is most commonly used in microscopes?

Tungsten halogen light bulbs Signup and view all the answers

What does the coarse adjustment knob change in the microscope?

The positioning of the stage Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

History of Microscopy

Zacharias Janssen, a 16th-century eyeglass maker, experimented with multiple lenses in a tube.
Anton van Leeuwenhoek, a 17th-century Dutch scientist, is recognized as the Father of Microscopy, using a simple microscope with a single lens.

Types of Microscopes

Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM): Produces 3D images of a specimen's surface, achieving up to 20,000x magnification.
Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM): Creates 2D images, providing detailed internal structures of cells with magnification up to 20,000,000x.
Dark Field Microscope: Uses a special condenser to visualize very thin bacteria, showing a black background.
Electron Microscope: Uses a beam of electrons as illumination, offering high-resolution images.

Important Parts of a Compound Microscope

Eyepiece (Ocular): Magnifies images typically at 10x.
Body Tube: Holds the ocular in position.
Arm: Supports the upper assembly of the microscope.
Nosepiece: Allows rotation between objective lenses.
Objective Lenses: Color-coded for different magnifications (red, yellow, blue, black).
Stage: Supports microscope slides.
Stage Clips: Holds the specimen in place.
Stage Adjustment Knob: Adjusts the position of the slide.
Condenser Lens: Focuses light onto the specimen.
Coarse Adjustment Knob: Adjusts the stage distance for focusing.
Fine Adjustment Knob: Makes minute adjustments for clarity.
Base: Supports the entire microscope structure.
Lamp: Commonly a tungsten halogen bulb, provides light for viewing specimens.
Diaphragm: Controls light intensity.

Types of Brightfield Illumination

Critical Illumination: Light is unevenly focused on the specimen.
Koehler Illumination: Provides even light distribution, preferred in microscopy.

Total Magnification

Scanning Objective: Initial location and low-power viewing.
Low Power Objective: Used for locating specimens with minimal magnification.
Oil Immersion Objective: Requires immersion oil to enhance clarity, used with 100x magnification.

Proper Use of the Microscope

Place on a clean, flat surface and carry with two hands.
Connect the power supply properly and ensure the microscope is free from dust and fingerprints.
Use fine adjustment when higher objectives are in use for sharp images.

Troubleshooting Checklist

Check if ocular and objective lenses are clean and tightly secured.
Ensure the condenser is adjusted correctly and the slide is positioned with the correct side up.
Inspect the light source for fingerprints and alignment.
Turn off the power after use, and wrap the cord for safety.

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Description

Explore the intricacies of human anatomy and physiology through the lens of the microscope in this laboratory quiz. Delve into historical figures like Zacharias Janssen and understand the foundational techniques used in microscopic studies. This quiz is essential for students in the BSMLS program.