Human Anatomy Epithelial Tissue Quiz

Research Study Invitation

• Students are invited to participate in a research study on the impact of MindMatters mini-sessions.
• Participants will complete pre- and post-course questionnaires (15 minutes each).
• A draw for $50 gift cards to the bookstore will be held for participants.
• To participate, follow the provided link: https://trentu.qualtrics.com/jfe/form/SV_6feqorKWVLVukWa
• Provide consent and complete the questionnaire.

Anatomy and Physiology Unit 2

• The unit covers basic anatomical organization and tissues.
• Chapter 1 and Atlas A, Chapter 5: 5.1-5.4 are covered in this unit.
• The unit includes a revealed assignment due Monday, September 16th, at 11:59 PM.

Slido Poll - Anatomy

• Students are asked to define "anatomy" in one word.

Slido Poll - Physiology

• Students are asked to define "physiology" in one word.

Normal Anatomy Examination

• The study will examine normal anatomy.
• Diagrams of normal and variations of kidneys and aorta are provided.

Language of Anatomy

• Most medical terms derive from Greek and Latin roots.
• Medical terms are formed using roots, combining vowels, and prefixes.

Medical Terms

• Prefixes modify the core meaning of words, e.g., gastric, epigastric, hypogastric, and endogastric.
• Prefixes like "epi-" or "hypo-" can change the meaning of a word like stomach related terms.
• Suffixes can be added to words to modify the core meaning, e.g. the addition of '-scope', '-scopy', '-mic', and '-cist' to the word 'micro' can change its meaning.

Spelling Differences in Body Parts

• Slight spelling differences can indicate completely different body parts.
• For example, ileum (part of the small intestine) and ilium (part of the hip bone).

Prefixes, Suffixes, and Root Words

• A list of prefixes, suffixes, and roots with examples is provided.

Anatomical Position

• Anatomical position refers to a person standing with feet flat on the ground, arms at the sides, and palms facing forward.
• All anatomical descriptions are based on this standard reference position.

Planes of Body Sections

• Sagittal plane: A vertical plane dividing the body into left and right halves (midsagittal = equal halves).
• Frontal (coronal) plane: A vertical plane dividing the body into front and back portions.
• Transverse (horizontal) plane: A horizontal plane dividing the body into superior and inferior portions.

Directional Terms

• A table with directional terms (e.g., ventral, dorsal, anterior, posterior) and their meanings in human anatomy is given.
• Directional terms such as superior, inferior, medial, lateral, proximal, and distal are detailed and explained.
• Other terms like ipsilateral, contralateral, superficial, and deep describe the position relative to other anatomical features.

Body Regions

• Two major regions of the human body: axial regions of the head (cephalic, facial), neck, trunk (thoracic and abdominal), and appendicular regions of the upper/lower limbs.
• Detailed body regions such as 'cranial', 'facial', 'cervical', 'thoracic', 'sternal', 'pectoral', 'abdominal', 'inguinal', 'pubic regions" and limb related regions are defined.

Body Cavities and Membranes

• Body cavities are enclosed spaces within the body containing internal organs/viscera and are lined by membranes.
• The image describes the cranial, vertebral canal, thoracic cavity, abdominal cavity, and pelvic cavity and the related membranes. Directional terms are included for each region.

Thoracic Cavity

• Pleural cavities enclose each lung. Visceral and parietal pleura are components of the pleural membrane and are explained.
• The mediastinum is the area divided by the lungs, housing the heart and other structures. The pericardial membrane encloses the heart.

Abdominopelvic Cavity

• The abdominopelvic cavity consists of the abdominal and pelvic cavities, containing the digestive, reproductive, and excretory organs.
• The cavity is lined by a double-layered membrane called the peritoneum (parietal and visceral peritoneum).

Histology and Tissues

• Histology is the study of tissues and how they are organized into organs.
• Introductory material on the overview of the study of tissues, epithelial, connective, nervous and muscular tissue types are described

Interpreting Tissue Sections

• Histologists preserve, slice, and section tissues using fixative (e.g., formalin).
• Tissue is sliced into thin sections (1-2 cells thick).
• Stains provide better contrast, aiding in identification of tissue components.

Sections

• Different types of sections are defined, including longitudinal, cross/transverse, and oblique sections.

Practice Identifying Sections

• Students are asked to identify types of sections on an image of the stomach.

Tissue Types

• Four primary tissue types (epithelial, connective, nervous, and muscular) are discussed, along with their characteristics, locations and functions.

Epithelial Tissue

• Epithelial tissue forms linings, covers surfaces, and constitutes glands.
• It's avascular and has a basement membrane that connects it to underlying connective tissue.

Categories of Epithelia and Specific Tissue Types

• Simple (every cell touches the basement membrane) and stratified epithelia are discussed for their classification and types.
• Different cell types (e.g., squamous, cuboidal, columnar) are mentioned with their functions and locations. Single-layered, square and round, and oval nuclei cells are further classified into more specific types.

Connective Tissues

• Connective tissues include fibrous, adipose, cartilage, and bone. Their structure and function are explained.

Nervous Tissue

• Nervous tissue, specialized for rapid communication, consists of neurons and neuroglia.

Muscle Tissue

• Three types of muscle tissue (skeletal, cardiac, and smooth) are discussed based on their location and functions.

Learning Summary of the Day

• Students are asked to describe an interesting thing they learned in the current session.