Human Anatomy Circulatory System Quiz

<p>Via the interstitial fluid (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They are innervated by the autonomic nervous system (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Tunica Intima (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Elastic tissue (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Connective tissue mainly made of collagen fibers with very little elastic component (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Large arteries (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Valves (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Elastic arteries have a larger component of elastin in the tunica media (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The walls of arteries are more distinct compared to veins (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Veins typically have a thinner wall and a larger lumen in relation to the size of the vessel (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Albumin (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>20-30 μm (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Capillary hydrostatic pressure (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Plasma colloid osmotic pressure (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To directly shunt blood from the arterial to the venous side (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Blood viscosity (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They exhibit low permeability (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>8.3% (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Fenestrated (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A negative pressure that pulls fluid out of the capillary (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They have large gaps between lining cells and high permeability, as well as lacking a basement membrane. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The flexibility of the red blood cell (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>3 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>28 mmHg (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>30-40 μm (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A layer of one or two endothelial cells (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>+8.3 mmHg (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It creates a force that draws fluid into the tissue. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Plasma colloid osmotic pressure. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>2.5 - 5.0 liters (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>In both directions (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is transported to the lymphatic system. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Fluid movement into the capillary (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>240 litres/per minute (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To collect excess fluid and return it to the circulation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>From the interstitial tissue (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To detect and filter out pathogens or inflammatory agents (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Blind-starting lymphatic capillaries (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Directly oxygenating tissues (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The innermost layer of blood vessels. It's made up of endothelium and connective tissue containing elastic fibers and collagen fibers.

The middle layer of blood vessels, composed of smooth muscle, collagen fibers, and elastic fibers. It's responsible for controlling blood pressure and flow.

The outermost layer of blood vessels, composed of connective tissue with collagen fibers. It provides structural support and anchors the vessel to surrounding tissues.

Large arteries, like the aorta, with a thick tunica media rich in elastic fibers. They are able to stretch and recoil to accommodate changes in blood pressure.

Smaller arteries with a thicker tunica media containing more muscle fibers than elastic fibers. They play a significant role in regulating blood flow to specific organs.

Tiny blood vessels that branch off the aorta and other major arteries, responsible for supplying nutrients and oxygen to the walls of larger vessels.

Difference in blood vessel shape. Arteries tend to be round or oval due to the pressure of blood pushing outwards, whereas veins are often more irregular.

Feature of veins - thin walls, larger lumen. Veins have a larger inner space and a thinner wall compared to arteries, making them more flexible, allowing blood to flow back to the heart.

A type of capillary that allows for the passage of blood cells, characterized by large gaps between endothelial cells.

The intermittent flow of blood in the capillary beds, regulated by the contraction and relaxation of smooth muscles in the metarterioles and precapillary sphincters.

A specialized channel in capillaries that facilitates the rapid transport of fluids and small molecules, bypassing the usual capillary walls.

The fluid portion of blood, composed primarily of water and containing dissolved substances such as proteins, electrolytes, and nutrients.

A process that automatically adjusts blood flow based on the oxygen levels in tissues. Increased oxygen levels cause smooth muscle contraction, closing off precapillary sphincters and directing blood flow through metarterioles; decreased oxygen levels lead to smooth muscle relaxation, opening precapillary sphincters and allowing blood flow through the capillaries.

Tiny blood vessels that form a network throughout the body, connecting arteries and veins.

The smallest blood vessels in the body, allowing for exchange of substances between blood and tissues.

Capillaries that have a continuous lining with no gaps or pores, making them less permeable to substances.

Capillaries that have small 'windows' or pores in their lining, making them more permeable than non-fenestrated capillaries.

Capillaries that have large gaps between their lining cells, making them highly permeable to substances and even allowing blood cells to pass through.

Direct pathways that connect arteries and veins, bypassing capillary beds and allowing for quick blood passage.

Cells that help regulate blood flow through capillaries by constricting or relaxing.

The lining of capillaries that is composed of a single layer of endothelial cells.

The force exerted by the blood inside the capillary, pushing fluid out.

The force exerted by plasma proteins, pulling fluid back into the capillary.

The pressure created by interstitial fluid, pushing fluid out of the capillary.

The force exerted by proteins in the interstitial fluid, pulling fluid out of the capillary.

The movement of fluid from an area of high pressure to low pressure, through a membrane.

The movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to low concentration.

The net movement of fluid out of the capillaries, due to the difference in pressures.

The system in the body that collects excess fluid and returns it to the bloodstream.

The process of fluid moving into and out of capillaries, driven by differences in pressure and osmotic forces.

The collection of proteins found in the plasma, primarily albumin, globulins, and fibrinogen.

The main protein in plasma, responsible for maintaining blood volume and osmotic pressure.

A group of proteins in plasma with various functions, including immunity and transport.

The fluid that remains in the spaces between cells after exchange processes in the capillaries occur. It contains nutrients, oxygen, and waste products. This fluid needs to be returned to the circulatory system.

Tiny, blind-ended vessels found in the tissues. They collect excess interstitial fluid, which is the fluid that remains in the spaces between cells. This fluid then flows through the lymphatic vessels, eventually returning to the circulatory system.

Enlarged lymph nodes function as filters in the lymphatic system. They are filled with immune cells that monitor the fluid for potential threats. These cells help fight infections and diseases.

The lymphatic system acts as monitoring system for the circulatory system. As it collects fluid from the tissues, it also removes waste products, pathogens, and cellular debris. These substances are then filtered by the lymph nodes, where immune cells identify and destroy harmful organisms.