Human Anatomy Chapter 22: The Respiratory System

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Where is the respiratory center located in the brain?

Cerebrum

Pons

Cerebellum

Reticular formation of the medulla oblongata (correct)

What is the function of chemoreceptors in the respiratory system?

Regulating heart rate based on blood pressure

Detecting sound waves in the ear

Detecting light in the eye

Regulating breathing rate based on oxygen levels (correct)

Where are peripheral chemoreceptors located?

In the lungs

In the diaphragm

In the brain stem

In the aortic arch and carotid bodies (correct)

What is a characteristic of asthma attacks?

Contraction of bronchiole smooth muscle Signup and view all the answers

What is a risk factor for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)?

History of smoking Signup and view all the answers

How does the respiratory system change with aging?

The number of glands in the nasal mucosa declines Signup and view all the answers

What occurs when the diaphragm contracts during inspiration?

The diaphragm descends Signup and view all the answers

During quiet expiration, what happens to the inspiratory muscles?

They relax Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the scalenes, sternocleidomastoid, and pectoralis minor muscles during deep inspiration?

To elevate the ribs Signup and view all the answers

What occurs to the thoracic cavity volume during forced expiration?

It decreases Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the oblique and transversus abdominis muscles during forced expiration?

To contract the abdominal wall Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of external intercostal muscle contraction during inspiration?

Ribs are elevated and sternum is flared Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the nasal cavity?

Warms and humidifies the air Signup and view all the answers

What type of epithelium lines the nasal cavity?

Pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the olfactory mucosa?

Houses olfactory receptors Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the paranasal sinuses?

Same air-processing functions as nasal cavity Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the pharynx?

Funnel-shaped passageway connecting nasal cavity and mouth Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the larynx?

Provides an open airway and routes air and food into the proper channels Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the trachea?

Divides into two main bronchi Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the bronchi?

Extensively branching respiratory passageways Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the alveoli?

Gas exchange occurs between the air and blood Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the pleurae?

A double-layered sac surrounding each lung Signup and view all the answers