Human Anatomy: Bones and Muscles

Bones

• Skull or Cranium: The bony structure that forms the head.
• Mandible: The lower jawbone.
• Clavicle: The collarbone.
• Scapula: The shoulder blade.
• Humerus: The upper arm bone.
• Sternum: The breastbone.
• Spine: The series of vertebrae that form the backbone.
• Ribs: The curved bones that protect the chest cavity.
• Radius: A bone in the forearm.
• Sacrum: A triangular bone at the base of the spine.
• Ulna: A bone in the forearm.
• Coccyx: The tailbone.
• Carpals: Small bones in the wrist.
• Metacarpals: Bones in the palm of the hand.
• Phalanges: The bones in the fingers and toes.
• Pelvis or Hip Bone: A group of bones that form the pelvis.
• Femur: The thigh bone.
• Patella: The kneecap.
• Fibula: A smaller lower leg bone.
• Tarsals: Small bones in the ankle.
• Tibia: The larger lower leg bone.
• Metatarsals: Bones in the foot.

Muscels

• Adductors: Muscles that draw a limb toward the midline of the body.

• Biceps Brachii: Muscle in the upper arm, responsible for bending the elbow.

• Biceps Femoris: A muscle in the thigh, involved in hip extension and knee flexion.

• Brachialis: Muscle in the upper arm, helps bend the elbow.

• Brachioradialis: Muscle in the forearm, helps bend the elbow.

• Deltoid: Muscle of shoulder, involved in abduction (lifting the arm).

• Extensors: Muscles involved in straightening or extending a limb.

• Flexors: Muscles that bend a limb.

• Gastrocnemius: Muscle of the calf, involved in plantar flexion.

• Gluteus Maximus: The largest buttock muscle, responsible for hip extension.

• Gluteus Medius: Muscle in the buttock; hip abduction and internal rotation.

• Gracilis: Muscle that helps adduct and flex the thigh.

• Hamstrings: Muscle group at the back of the thigh, involves hip extension and knee flexion.

• Infraspinatus: Muscle that is part of the rotator cuff; shoulder external rotation and abduction.

• Latissimus Dorsi: Large muscle of the back, responsible for arm extension, adduction, and medial rotation.

• Obliques: Muscles along the sides of the abdomen, involved in twisting and bending.

• Pectoralis Major: Large chest muscle, involved in arm adduction, flexion, and horizontal adduction.

• Quadriceps: Muscle group at front of the thigh, responsible for knee extension.

• Rectus Abdominis: Muscle running vertically down the abdomen, responsible for flexion of the torso.

• Rectus Femoris: Muscle of the quadriceps, involves hip flexion and knee extension.

• Sartorius: Muscle that runs diagonally across the thigh, responsible for hip flexion, abduction, and external rotation.

• Semimembranosus: Thigh muscle that helps with knee flexion and hip extension

• Semitendinosus: Thigh muscle involved in hip extension and knee flexion.

• Serratus Anterior: Muscle that helps stabilize the scapula.

• Soleus: A muscle in the calf. Responsible for plantar flexion (pointing toes).

• Sternocleidomastoid: Muscle involved in neck flexion and rotation.

• Tensor Fasciae Latae: Muscle in the thigh; hip abduction.

• Teres Major: Muscle in the back, responsible for shoulder adduction, extension, and medial rotation.

• Teres Minor: Muscle of the rotator cuff; shoulder external rotation and abduction.

• Tibialis Anterior: Muscle involved in ankle dorsiflexion and inversion.

• Trapezius: Large muscle of the upper back (neck, shoulders, back)

• Triceps Brachii: Muscle in the upper arm; elbow extension.

• Vastus Lateralis: Muscle of quadriceps; knee extension

• Vastus Medialis: Muscle of the quadriceps group, functions in extending the knee joint and stabilizing the patella.

Test your knowledge of human anatomy with this quiz focused on bones and muscles. Identify various bones in the human body, such as the skull, clavicle, and femur, along with essential muscle groups. Perfect for students studying anatomy or health sciences.