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Human Anatomy: Aorta and Its Branches

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Questions and Answers

What is the main branching pattern of the aorta?

Ascending aorta => aortic arch => thoracic (descending) aorta => abdominal aorta (correct)

Ascending aorta => aortic arch => thoracic ascending aorta => abdominal aorta

Aortic arch => ascending aorta => thoracic (descending) aorta => abdominal aorta

Ascending aorta => thoracic (descending) aorta => abdominal aorta => aortic arch

What is the level at which the coeliac artery arises from the abdominal aorta?

T10

T12 (correct)

What percentage of abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) are located just below the kidneys?

95% (correct)

70%

80%

50%

What is the name of the artery that supplies the adrenal gland?

Middle suprarenal artery Signup and view all the answers

What is the mortality rate for patients with ruptured AAA who do not survive surgery?

80% Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of an abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) that distinguishes it from a pseudoaneurysm?

Containment of all 3 layers of the vessel wall Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the artery that supplies the splenic flexure to the upper part of the rectum?

Inferior mesenteric artery Signup and view all the answers

What is the percentage of patients with AAA who have coexisting femoral or popliteal aneurysms?

25% Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the inferior phrenic arteries?

Supply the diaphragm Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the 3cm diameter threshold in the context of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm (AAA)?

It is the threshold diameter above which the abdominal aorta is considered dilated and an aneurysm is formed Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for the high mortality rate associated with ruptured AAA?

Most patients with ruptured AAA die before reaching the hospital or do not survive surgery Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the lumbar arteries in the abdominal aorta?

Supplying the abdominal wall and spinal cord Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic male-to-female ratio of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm (AAA)?

9:1 Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the artery that bifurcates into the right and left common iliac arteries?

Abdominal aorta Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary pathophysiological mechanism underlying the development of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm (AAA)?

Transmural inflammatory change, abnormal collagen remodelling, and loss of vascular wall integrity Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the aortic arch in the anatomy of the aorta?

It is a segment of the aorta that connects the ascending and descending aorta Signup and view all the answers