AFA Chapter 4
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Questions and Answers

Which system in the body consists of the skin, hair, and nails?

  • Integumentary system (correct)
  • Lymphatic system
  • Endocrine system
  • Cardiovascular system
  • Which layer of the skin provides a barrier to bacteria and other infectious organisms?

  • Dermis
  • Fatty tissue
  • Subcutaneous layer
  • Epidermis (correct)
  • What is the most important function of the skin?

  • Storing minerals
  • Making vitamin D
  • Regulating body temperature
  • Preventing infection (correct)
  • Which condition is common in older adults with unstable joints?

    <p>Osteoarthritis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What structures are contained in the deeper layer of the skin known as the dermis?

    <p>Blood vessels, nerves, and glands</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do sweat glands and pores help regulate in the body?

    <p>Body temperature</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organ is described as the largest single organ in the human body?

    <p>Skin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does osteoarthritis primarily affect?

    <p>Joints</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component of the integumentary system helps keep the skin soft, supple, and waterproof?

    <p>Oil glands</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the subcutaneous layer of the skin?

    <p>Insulation and padding</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which cavity is the diaphragm located?

    <p>Thoracic cavity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which body system produces heat as one of its functions?

    <p>Musculoskeletal system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What primary function does the circulatory system serve?

    <p>Transports nutrients and oxygen to body cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which major body cavity is located in the head and protected by the skull?

    <p>Cranial cavity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The lymphatic system aids in the formation of which type of blood cells?

    <p>White blood cells (WBCs)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which system in the body is responsible for removing wastes from the circulatory system?

    <p>Genitourinary system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'An object strikes or is struck by the body' describes which type of energy causing injury?

    <p>Direct force</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the integumentary system assist with in terms of temperature regulation?

    <p>Sweat evaporation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which body structure protects internal organs and other underlying structures?

    <p>Bones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is the spinal cavity located?

    <p>Extending from the bottom of the skull to the lower back</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is the heart located in the human body?

    <p>Behind the lower half of the sternum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the pulmonary vessels in the circulatory system?

    <p>Transport oxygen-poor blood to the body</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which chamber of the heart is responsible for pumping oxygenated blood into the aorta?

    <p>Left ventricle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cavity is located in the lowest part of the trunk and protected by pelvic bones?

    <p>Pelvic cavity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of one-way valves in the heart?

    <p>Direct the flow of blood through the heart's chambers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes hollow organs from solid organs?

    <p>Hollow organs have large spaces within them.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does oxygen-poor blood return to the heart after circulating through the body?

    <p>Through veins back to the heart</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which body system consists of the heart, blood, and blood vessels?

    <p>Circulatory system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the final step of the circulatory cycle after oxygen-poor blood returns to the heart?

    <p>Blood is pumped to the lungs for oxygenation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are vital organs in the context of human anatomy?

    <p>Organs essential for life</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of a body system according to the text?

    <p>To coordinate properly with other systems</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does the plasma cell membrane play?

    <p>Regulates what enters and exits the cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of bones are the vertebrae classified as?

    <p>Irregular bones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What kind of bones include those of the upper arm and thigh?

    <p>Long bones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of bone is described as having a thin, flat shape?

    <p>Flat bones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What kind of tissue fills bones and produces blood cells?

    <p>Marrow</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do bones heal when they are injured?

    <p>By forming new bone cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why can bone injuries be life-threatening if not properly cared for?

    <p>Due to excessive bleeding</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of cilia on mucous membranes?

    <p>To trap bacteria and foreign debris</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which substance in tears and saliva helps in defending against pathogens?

    <p>Lysozyme</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the body release when cells rupture due to an injury?

    <p>Histamine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the characteristics of inflammation as mentioned in the text?

    <p>Swelling, redness, heat, and pain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which immune response is initiated by the body when infection is detected?

    <p>Deployment of white blood cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do mucous membranes help in defending the body?

    <p>By trapping bacteria and foreign debris</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of T cells in the body?

    <p>Defending against intracellular pathogens</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are mast cells involved in allergic reactions?

    <p>Releasing histamine and mediators</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between a sensitivity and a hypersensitivity reaction to an allergen?

    <p>The severity of the reaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when an allergen binds to antibodies on mast cells?

    <p>The mast cell triggers the release of histamine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What occurs during an anaphylactic reaction to an allergen?

    <p>Widespread vasodilation and circulatory collapse</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do allergic inflammatory responses differ from non-allergic responses in the body?

    <p>Non-allergic responses do not involve mast cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

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