AFA Chapter 4
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Questions and Answers

Which system in the body consists of the skin, hair, and nails?

  • Integumentary system (correct)
  • Lymphatic system
  • Endocrine system
  • Cardiovascular system

Which layer of the skin provides a barrier to bacteria and other infectious organisms?

  • Dermis
  • Fatty tissue
  • Subcutaneous layer
  • Epidermis (correct)

What is the most important function of the skin?

  • Storing minerals
  • Making vitamin D
  • Regulating body temperature
  • Preventing infection (correct)

Which condition is common in older adults with unstable joints?

<p>Osteoarthritis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What structures are contained in the deeper layer of the skin known as the dermis?

<p>Blood vessels, nerves, and glands (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do sweat glands and pores help regulate in the body?

<p>Body temperature (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which organ is described as the largest single organ in the human body?

<p>Skin (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does osteoarthritis primarily affect?

<p>Joints (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which component of the integumentary system helps keep the skin soft, supple, and waterproof?

<p>Oil glands (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the subcutaneous layer of the skin?

<p>Insulation and padding (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which cavity is the diaphragm located?

<p>Thoracic cavity (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which body system produces heat as one of its functions?

<p>Musculoskeletal system (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What primary function does the circulatory system serve?

<p>Transports nutrients and oxygen to body cells (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which major body cavity is located in the head and protected by the skull?

<p>Cranial cavity (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The lymphatic system aids in the formation of which type of blood cells?

<p>White blood cells (WBCs) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which system in the body is responsible for removing wastes from the circulatory system?

<p>Genitourinary system (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'An object strikes or is struck by the body' describes which type of energy causing injury?

<p>Direct force (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the integumentary system assist with in terms of temperature regulation?

<p>Sweat evaporation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which body structure protects internal organs and other underlying structures?

<p>Bones (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where is the spinal cavity located?

<p>Extending from the bottom of the skull to the lower back (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where is the heart located in the human body?

<p>Behind the lower half of the sternum (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the pulmonary vessels in the circulatory system?

<p>Transport oxygen-poor blood to the body (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which chamber of the heart is responsible for pumping oxygenated blood into the aorta?

<p>Left ventricle (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which cavity is located in the lowest part of the trunk and protected by pelvic bones?

<p>Pelvic cavity (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of one-way valves in the heart?

<p>Direct the flow of blood through the heart's chambers (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes hollow organs from solid organs?

<p>Hollow organs have large spaces within them. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does oxygen-poor blood return to the heart after circulating through the body?

<p>Through veins back to the heart (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which body system consists of the heart, blood, and blood vessels?

<p>Circulatory system (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the final step of the circulatory cycle after oxygen-poor blood returns to the heart?

<p>Blood is pumped to the lungs for oxygenation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are vital organs in the context of human anatomy?

<p>Organs essential for life (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of a body system according to the text?

<p>To coordinate properly with other systems (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role does the plasma cell membrane play?

<p>Regulates what enters and exits the cell (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of bones are the vertebrae classified as?

<p>Irregular bones (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What kind of bones include those of the upper arm and thigh?

<p>Long bones (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of bone is described as having a thin, flat shape?

<p>Flat bones (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What kind of tissue fills bones and produces blood cells?

<p>Marrow (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do bones heal when they are injured?

<p>By forming new bone cells (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why can bone injuries be life-threatening if not properly cared for?

<p>Due to excessive bleeding (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of cilia on mucous membranes?

<p>To trap bacteria and foreign debris (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which substance in tears and saliva helps in defending against pathogens?

<p>Lysozyme (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the body release when cells rupture due to an injury?

<p>Histamine (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the characteristics of inflammation as mentioned in the text?

<p>Swelling, redness, heat, and pain (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which immune response is initiated by the body when infection is detected?

<p>Deployment of white blood cells (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do mucous membranes help in defending the body?

<p>By trapping bacteria and foreign debris (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of T cells in the body?

<p>Defending against intracellular pathogens (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How are mast cells involved in allergic reactions?

<p>Releasing histamine and mediators (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between a sensitivity and a hypersensitivity reaction to an allergen?

<p>The severity of the reaction (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens when an allergen binds to antibodies on mast cells?

<p>The mast cell triggers the release of histamine (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What occurs during an anaphylactic reaction to an allergen?

<p>Widespread vasodilation and circulatory collapse (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do allergic inflammatory responses differ from non-allergic responses in the body?

<p>Non-allergic responses do not involve mast cells (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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