Human Anatomy and Physiology Overview

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Questions and Answers

What structures surround each liver lobule in the liver anatomy?

Portal triads (correct)
Sinusoids
Central veins
Bile ducts

Which of the following is NOT a function of the liver?

Metabolism of drugs
Storage of vitamins
Digestion of proteins (correct)
Bile production

Which cells in the pancreas are responsible for endocrine function?

Acinar cells
Islet cells (correct)
D cells
Plexus cells

What is produced by G cells in the stomach?

Gastrin (C) Signup and view all the answers

What type of epithelial tissue is found in the pancreatic acini?

Simple cuboidal epithelium (C) Signup and view all the answers

What substance is primarily responsible for the activation of inactive proteolytic enzymes in the small intestine?

Enteropeptidases (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following vitamins is stored in the liver?

Vitamin K (A), Vitamin D (C), Vitamin B12 (D) Signup and view all the answers

What role does HCl play in the stomach?

Killing microorganisms (B) Signup and view all the answers

What regulates the secretion of bile from the gall bladder?

Cholecystokinin (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following substances is NOT a component of bile?

Insulin (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the small intestine?

Absorption of nutrients (C) Signup and view all the answers

What are Brunner's glands responsible for in the duodenum?

Neutralizing gastric acid (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which structure increases the surface area of the small intestine for absorption?

All of the above (D) Signup and view all the answers

What type of epithelium lines the villi in the small intestine?

Simple columnar epithelium (C) Signup and view all the answers

What primarily transports fatty acids within the intestinal mucosa?

Lacteals (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which region of the small intestine receives chyme from the stomach?

Duodenum (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the jejunum in the small intestine?

Chemical digestion and absorption (A) Signup and view all the answers

What role do Peyer's Patches play in the ileum?

Controlling bacteria population (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which structure marks the boundary between the ileum and the large intestine?

Ileocecal valve (A) Signup and view all the answers

What function is performed by the large intestine?

Water absorption and waste excretion (D) Signup and view all the answers

What produces the haustra of the colon?

Tinea coli (A) Signup and view all the answers

What type of epithelium transitions from the large intestine to the rectum?

Stratified squamous epithelium (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which cells in the colon are responsible for producing mucus for lubrication?

Goblet cells (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is a key difference between the small intestine and the large intestine?

Small intestine contains villi, while large intestine does not (B) Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Jejunum Function

Main site of chemical digestion and absorption in the small intestine.

Ileum Function

Acts as the small intestine's entryway to the large intestine, with Peyer's Patches for bacteria control.

Ileum Features

Lacks circular folds and contains Peyer's Patches (lymphoid nodules) towards the large intestine end.