Human Anatomy and Physiology: Integumentary System Prelims BSN1-I

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What is the primary function of the epidermis?

To provide a barrier and prevent water loss (correct)

To produce melanin and protect against UV radiation

To provide sensation and nerve endings

To receive nutrients and excrete waste through diffusion

Which type of cell is responsible for the pigmentation of the skin?

Keratinocytes

Melanocytes (correct)

Merkel cells

Langerhans cells

What is the purpose of the keratinization process in the epidermis?

To allow for the diffusion of nutrients and waste products

To provide sensation and touch sensitivity

To push older cells to the surface and replace them with new cells

To increase the durability and water resistance of the epidermis (correct)

What is the function of the Langerhans cells in the epidermis?

To act as part of the immune system Signup and view all the answers

Where in the epidermis do keratinocyte stem cells undergo mitosis?

Stratum basale Signup and view all the answers

How often do the keratinocyte stem cells in the stratum basale undergo mitosis?

Every 19 days Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the integumentary system in terms of protection?

Reducing water loss and acting as a barrier Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a function of the skin in temperature regulation?

Regulation of Vitamin D production Signup and view all the answers

What is the major function of the epidermis in the skin?

Acts as a barrier against microorganisms Signup and view all the answers

Which structure is responsible for producing molecules that can be transformed into Vitamin D?

Skin cells in the epidermis Signup and view all the answers

What is one important role of the accessory structures in the integumentary system?

Detecting sensory stimuli Signup and view all the answers

How does the skin contribute to preventing dehydration of the body?

By reducing water loss through acting as a barrier Signup and view all the answers

What is the main component of the hair cortex?

Hard keratin Signup and view all the answers

Where are melanocytes located in the hair structure?

Hair bulb matrix Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of arrector pili muscles?

Extend from hair shaft to dermis Signup and view all the answers

What type of glands are sebaceous glands?

Holocrine glands Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the hair follicle during the resting stage of hair growth?

Hair falls out Signup and view all the answers

Which layer covers the hair cortex?

Cuticle Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of adipose tissue in the subcutaneous layer?

Assisting with insulation and padding Signup and view all the answers

At puberty, which type of hair replaces much of the vellus hair?

Terminal hair Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of terminal hair can be found in the chest, legs, and arms of males?

Approximately 90% Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT considered part of a hair structure?

Hair follicle Signup and view all the answers

What is the central axis of the hair composed of?

Cells containing soft keratin Signup and view all the answers

Which area of the body may act as wicks for dispersing odors through specialized glands?

Pubic and axillary regions Signup and view all the answers

Why is the skin more easily damaged as the body ages?

Decrease in collagen in the dermis Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for the development of age spots on hands and face?

Decrease in melanocytes Signup and view all the answers

Which skin condition is characterized by red, itchy, and scaly patches?

Psoriasis Signup and view all the answers

What is the common viral infection that causes painful blisters on the skin?

Cold sores Signup and view all the answers

How do decubitus ulcers differ from acne in terms of causative factors?

Decubitus ulcers result from pressure on the skin while acne is due to hormonal changes. Signup and view all the answers