Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the primary role of zooxanthellae in their symbiotic relationship with corals?
What is the primary role of zooxanthellae in their symbiotic relationship with corals?
- Protecting corals from predators through bioluminescence.
- Removing waste products from coral tissues via filtration.
- Strengthening coral exoskeletons by depositing calcium carbonate.
- Providing corals with nutrients through photosynthesis. (correct)
How does ciguatera poisoning primarily affect humans?
How does ciguatera poisoning primarily affect humans?
- By neurological and gastrointestinal symptoms after consuming contaminated fish. (correct)
- By triggering allergic reactions to dinoflagellate blooms in coastal waters.
- By causing respiratory distress through inhaled algal toxins.
- By direct skin contact leading to severe dermatitis.
Which of the following environmental conditions is most likely to trigger a red tide caused by dinoflagellates and diatoms?
Which of the following environmental conditions is most likely to trigger a red tide caused by dinoflagellates and diatoms?
- A significant decrease in sunlight penetration due to increased cloud cover.
- A sudden increase in ocean salinity due to glacial melting.
- An influx of nutrient-rich runoff into coastal waters coupled with warm temperatures. (correct)
- Increased predation on algal blooms by marine invertebrates, leading to rapid species turnover.
What is the primary material composing the exoskeletons of diatoms?
What is the primary material composing the exoskeletons of diatoms?
Why is domoic acid produced by certain diatom species a significant concern for marine ecosystems and human health?
Why is domoic acid produced by certain diatom species a significant concern for marine ecosystems and human health?
What is the primary component of radiolarian exoskeletons?
What is the primary component of radiolarian exoskeletons?
The cliffs of Dover are formed from sediments primarily composed of:
The cliffs of Dover are formed from sediments primarily composed of:
Which of the following characteristics is unique to diatoms, differentiating them from dinoflagellates, radiolarians, and foraminifera?
Which of the following characteristics is unique to diatoms, differentiating them from dinoflagellates, radiolarians, and foraminifera?
A patient is diagnosed with Chagas disease. Through which vector was this parasite transmitted?
A patient is diagnosed with Chagas disease. Through which vector was this parasite transmitted?
Which characteristic is most closely associated with the Mastigophora group of protozoa?
Which characteristic is most closely associated with the Mastigophora group of protozoa?
How does Plasmodium falciparum invade host cells, characterizing its unique locomotion?
How does Plasmodium falciparum invade host cells, characterizing its unique locomotion?
What is the initial site of Plasmodium falciparum infection in humans after transmission by a mosquito?
What is the initial site of Plasmodium falciparum infection in humans after transmission by a mosquito?
Quinine and Artemisinin are well-known treatments for malaria. From which source are these drugs derived?
Quinine and Artemisinin are well-known treatments for malaria. From which source are these drugs derived?
Trichomonas vaginalis is classified into which group based on its mode of locomotion?
Trichomonas vaginalis is classified into which group based on its mode of locomotion?
A researcher is studying a protozoan parasite that moves through host tissues using gliding motility. Which parasite are they most likely studying?
A researcher is studying a protozoan parasite that moves through host tissues using gliding motility. Which parasite are they most likely studying?
Which of the following is the correct relationship between a parasite, vector and disease?
Which of the following is the correct relationship between a parasite, vector and disease?
If a researcher is studying the composition of a shell and wants to determine its primary component, which of the following chemical compounds should they expect to find in the highest concentration?
If a researcher is studying the composition of a shell and wants to determine its primary component, which of the following chemical compounds should they expect to find in the highest concentration?
A historical site reveals large deposits of a specific type of rock. Based on the uses described, which of the following scenarios is most likely if the rock was easily crumbled into a powder?
A historical site reveals large deposits of a specific type of rock. Based on the uses described, which of the following scenarios is most likely if the rock was easily crumbled into a powder?
A student observes a Paramecium caudatum under a microscope at 400x magnification. If the student switches to a 100x magnification, how will the field of view and the level of detail change?
A student observes a Paramecium caudatum under a microscope at 400x magnification. If the student switches to a 100x magnification, how will the field of view and the level of detail change?
Paramecium caudatum utilizes cilia for movement. Which characteristic is associated with organisms that use cilia for locomotion?
Paramecium caudatum utilizes cilia for movement. Which characteristic is associated with organisms that use cilia for locomotion?
A Paramecium under a microscope is observed undergoing conjugation. What genetic outcome is most likely to result from this process?
A Paramecium under a microscope is observed undergoing conjugation. What genetic outcome is most likely to result from this process?
If a Paramecium caudatum is observed undergoing binary fission, what can be concluded about the resulting daughter cells?
If a Paramecium caudatum is observed undergoing binary fission, what can be concluded about the resulting daughter cells?
An Amoeba proteus uses phagocytosis to ingest food particles. How does this process relate to its method of locomotion?
An Amoeba proteus uses phagocytosis to ingest food particles. How does this process relate to its method of locomotion?
Giardia lamblia belongs to the group Mastigophora. What structural adaptation is most likely responsible for its classification in this group?
Giardia lamblia belongs to the group Mastigophora. What structural adaptation is most likely responsible for its classification in this group?
A patient presents with symptoms of giardiasis, but their stool sample is negative for Giardia trophozoites. What is the MOST appropriate next step in diagnosis?
A patient presents with symptoms of giardiasis, but their stool sample is negative for Giardia trophozoites. What is the MOST appropriate next step in diagnosis?
Giardia duodenalis can cause 'la tourista.' What is the MOST common way individuals contract this parasite?
Giardia duodenalis can cause 'la tourista.' What is the MOST common way individuals contract this parasite?
A researcher is studying Trypanosoma brucei gambiense. Which characteristic defines this protozoan's classification?
A researcher is studying Trypanosoma brucei gambiense. Which characteristic defines this protozoan's classification?
In a region endemic for African trypanosomiasis, which intervention would be MOST effective in preventing disease transmission?
In a region endemic for African trypanosomiasis, which intervention would be MOST effective in preventing disease transmission?
A patient is diagnosed with West African trypanosomiasis. Which subspecies of Trypanosoma brucei is the MOST likely causative agent?
A patient is diagnosed with West African trypanosomiasis. Which subspecies of Trypanosoma brucei is the MOST likely causative agent?
What role does the tsetse fly play in the transmission of Trypanosoma brucei gambiense?
What role does the tsetse fly play in the transmission of Trypanosoma brucei gambiense?
Microscopic examination of a stool sample reveals teardrop-shaped trophozoites with two nuclei. Which parasite is MOST likely present?
Microscopic examination of a stool sample reveals teardrop-shaped trophozoites with two nuclei. Which parasite is MOST likely present?
A traveler returning from a trip to Africa complains of fever, headache, and joint pain. The doctor suspects trypanosomiasis. What question would be MOST relevant in determining the specific type of trypanosomiasis?
A traveler returning from a trip to Africa complains of fever, headache, and joint pain. The doctor suspects trypanosomiasis. What question would be MOST relevant in determining the specific type of trypanosomiasis?
Flashcards
Zooxanthellae
Zooxanthellae
Symbiotic dinoflagellates living in corals.
Ciguatera
Ciguatera
Illness caused by eating fish contaminated with dinoflagellates.
Red Tide Species
Red Tide Species
Alexandrium, Karenia brevis, Gonyaulax (Dino), and Pseudo-nitzschia (Diatom)
Diatom Exoskeleton
Diatom Exoskeleton
Signup and view all the flashcards
Domoic Acid
Domoic Acid
Signup and view all the flashcards
Radiolarian Exoskeleton
Radiolarian Exoskeleton
Signup and view all the flashcards
Radiolarians' Exoskeleton
Radiolarians' Exoskeleton
Signup and view all the flashcards
Foraminifera Shell
Foraminifera Shell
Signup and view all the flashcards
Shell Composition
Shell Composition
Signup and view all the flashcards
Free-living Organism
Free-living Organism
Signup and view all the flashcards
Paramecium caudatum
Paramecium caudatum
Signup and view all the flashcards
Paramecium Conjugation
Paramecium Conjugation
Signup and view all the flashcards
Binary Fission
Binary Fission
Signup and view all the flashcards
Amoeba proteus
Amoeba proteus
Signup and view all the flashcards
Mastigophora locomotion
Mastigophora locomotion
Signup and view all the flashcards
Sarcodina locomotion
Sarcodina locomotion
Signup and view all the flashcards
Giardia duodenalis
Giardia duodenalis
Signup and view all the flashcards
Giardia lamblia: Transmission
Giardia lamblia: Transmission
Signup and view all the flashcards
Giardia Morphology
Giardia Morphology
Signup and view all the flashcards
Trypanosoma brucei gambiense Group
Trypanosoma brucei gambiense Group
Signup and view all the flashcards
Trypanosoma brucei gambiense: Disease
Trypanosoma brucei gambiense: Disease
Signup and view all the flashcards
Trypanosoma brucei: Transmission
Trypanosoma brucei: Transmission
Signup and view all the flashcards
Trypanosoma brucei: Vector
Trypanosoma brucei: Vector
Signup and view all the flashcards
Trypanosoma Cruzi
Trypanosoma Cruzi
Signup and view all the flashcards
Mastigophora
Mastigophora
Signup and view all the flashcards
Chagas Disease
Chagas Disease
Signup and view all the flashcards
Chagas Vector
Chagas Vector
Signup and view all the flashcards
Plasmodium falciparum Disease
Plasmodium falciparum Disease
Signup and view all the flashcards
Plasmodium falciparum
Plasmodium falciparum
Signup and view all the flashcards
Anti-Malarial Drugs
Anti-Malarial Drugs
Signup and view all the flashcards
Plasmodium Vector
Plasmodium Vector
Signup and view all the flashcards
Study Notes
- Eukaryotes are protists
Dinoflagellates
- An important dinoflagellate symbiont of corals is called zooxanthellae
- Dinoflagellates cause the disease ciguatera; it's contracted by eating contaminated fish
- Alexandrium, Karenia brevis, and Gonyaulax dinoflagellates are responsible for red tides, which can lead to the poisoning of fish, sea birds and people
Diatoms
- Diatoms' exoskeletons are made of glass
- Some species are marine, others live in freshwater
- Certain diatom species produce domoic acid, a neurotoxin that accumulates in shellfish, causing paralytic shellfish poisoning across a wide range of animals
Radiolarians
- Radiolarians' exoskeletons are made of silica, a glass-like substance
Foraminifera
- Foraminifera's intricate shell is made of calcium carbonate
- Foraminifera form sediments, which leads to rock such as the cliff of Dover
- The rock formed from Foraminifera was used for barracks for soldiers, chalk on blackboards, and construction filler material
Paramecium caudatum
- Free-living organism: does not rely on a host to survive and lives independently in its environment
- Paramecium caudatum is a species of unicellular protist in the phylum Ciliophora
- Paramecium in conjugation is sexual reproduction
- Paramecium caudatum undergoing binary fission is asexual reproduction
Amoeba Proteus
- Amoeba proteus is a free-living organism able to survive in its environment without relying on a particular host
- Amoeba Proteus belongs to the group of Sarcodina and locomotes using Pseudopodia, temporary foot-like extensions, to help it move and capture food
- Lacks a fixed shape and has the ability to change form
- Amoeba Proteus feeds through the process of Phagocytosis using its Pseudopodia
Giardia lamblia
- Giardia lamblia belongs to Mastigophora due to its locomotion method
- Giardia lamblia causes Giardiasis (Giardia intestinalis, Giardia duodenalis), also known as "beaver fever”, “la tourista”, and “montezuma's revenge"
- Giardia lamblia is contracted through contaminated food, water, or feces
- Giardia lamblia is teardrop-shaped, trophozoites have two nuclei, and it can form cysts in harsh conditions
Trypanosoma brucei gambiensis
- Trypanosoma brucei gambiensis belongs to Mastigophora / flagellated protozoa due to its flagellum movement.
- It causes African trypanosomiasis (sleeping sickness) in humans
- Trypanosoma brucei gambiensis, specifically the "gambiense" subspecies is responsible for the West African form of the disease
- Contracted from a vector, which is from the tsetse fly
- Vector of infection for Trypanosoma brucei is the tsetse fly
Trypanosoma Cruzi
- Trypanosoma Cruzi is a flagellate protozoan parasite and belongs to Mastigophora due to its flagellar motility
- Trypanosoma Cruzi is the causative agent of Chagas disease, aka American trypanosomiasis
- Transmitted by triatomine bugs (kissing bug)
- Chagas diesase is passed through the droppings of the triatomine bug
Plasmodium Falciparum
- Plasmodium falciparum causes Malaria
- Plasmodium malaria parasites are obligate intracellular protozoans that use gliding motility to move through host tissues and invade cells
- Two drugs used to treat Plasmodium falciparum (malaria) are Quinine and Artemisinin, derived from medical plants that are anti-malarial chemotherapeutic agents
- Contracted through the bite of an infected female Anopheles mosquito (vector of infection)
- When the mosquito bites a person, it injects Plasmodium parasites into the bloodstream through its saliva
Trichomonas vaginalis
- Trichomonas vaginalis belongs to the group of flagellated protozoa based on its locomotion
- Trichomonas vaginalis causes the sexually transmitted infection (STI) called trichomoniasis
- It primarily affects the female genital tract but can also infect the male urethra
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
