Questions and Answers
Which new input type is NOT supported in HTML5 forms?
What property defines the main axis alignment in a flexbox container?
Which feature allows for multi-line strings and embedded expressions in JavaScript ES6?
Which HTML5 element is NOT used for media content?
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Which of the following correctly initializes a constant variable in JavaScript ES6?
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What does the flex-grow property control in a flexbox item?
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What does the 'local storage' feature in HTML5 allow a web application to do?
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Which JavaScript ES6 feature provides support for modular programming?
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What method would you use to select all elements that match a specific CSS selector?
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Which method is used to create a new element in the DOM?
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Which property would you use to change the text content of an element?
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What function is used to attach an event handler to an element?
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Which of the following methods is NOT used for manipulating CSS styles of an element?
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What method would you use to remove a CSS class from an element?
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Study Notes
HTML5
- Definition: The latest version of HTML, designed to structure content on the web.
-
Key Features:
-
New Elements: Introduces semantic elements like
<article>
,<section>
,<header>
,<footer>
,<nav>
, and<aside>
. -
Audio and Video Support: Uses
<audio>
and<video>
tags for media without external plugins. -
Form Enhancements: New input types (e.g.,
date
,email
,url
) and attributes (e.g.,placeholder
,required
). -
Canvas API:
<canvas>
element for drawing graphics on the fly via JavaScript. - Local Storage: Web Storage API to store data locally in the user's browser.
-
New Elements: Introduces semantic elements like
CSS Flexbox
- Definition: A layout model that provides a more efficient way to arrange and align items in a container.
-
Key Properties:
-
Container:
-
display: flex;
: Enables flexbox on the container. -
flex-direction
: Defines the direction of the flex items (e.g.,row
,column
). -
justify-content
: Aligns items along the main axis (e.g.,flex-start
,center
,space-between
). -
align-items
: Aligns items along the cross axis (e.g.,stretch
,flex-start
,flex-end
).
-
-
Items:
-
flex-grow
: Defines the ability for a flex item to grow if necessary. -
flex-shrink
: Defines the ability for a flex item to shrink if necessary. -
flex-basis
: Defines the default size of an element before the remaining space is distributed.
-
-
Container:
JavaScript ES6
- Definition: The sixth edition of the ECMAScript standard, introducing new features for modern JavaScript.
-
Key Features:
-
Let and Const: Block-scoped variables;
let
for mutable variables,const
for constants. -
Arrow Functions: Shorter syntax for function expressions (e.g.,
const add = (a, b) => a + b;
). -
Template Literals: Multi-line strings and string interpolation using backticks (
`Hello, ${name}`
). -
Destructuring Assignment: Unpacking values from arrays or properties from objects (e.g.,
const {name} = person;
). -
Modules: Support for modular programming with
import
andexport
statements. -
Promises: Simplified asynchronous programming using
.then()
,.catch()
, and async/await syntax.
-
Let and Const: Block-scoped variables;
DOM Manipulation
- Definition: Interaction with the Document Object Model (DOM) to dynamically change the content and structure of web pages.
-
Key Methods:
-
Selecting Elements:
-
document.getElementById()
: Selects an element by its ID. -
document.querySelector()
: Selects the first matching element with a CSS selector. -
document.querySelectorAll()
: Selects all matching elements as a NodeList.
-
-
Manipulating Elements:
-
Changing Content:
element.innerHTML
,element.textContent
to modify content. -
Changing Styles:
element.style.property
to change CSS styles directly. -
Adding/Removing Classes:
element.classList.add()
,element.classList.remove()
.
-
Changing Content:
-
Event Handling:
-
element.addEventListener()
: Attaches an event handler to a specified element. - Common events:
click
,mouseover
,keydown
.
-
-
Selecting Elements:
-
Creating Elements:
-
document.createElement()
: Creates a new element. -
parentElement.appendChild()
: Appends a new child element to a parent.
-
HTML5
- Latest version of HTML for structuring web content.
- Introduces semantic elements like
<header>
,<footer>
,<article>
,<section>
,<nav>
, and<aside>
. - Supports audio and video with
<audio>
and<video>
tags, eliminating the need for external plugins. - Enhancements in forms with new input types such as
date
,email
, andurl
, along with attributes likeplaceholder
andrequired
. - Features a Canvas API with
<canvas>
element for dynamic graphics rendering through JavaScript. - Local Storage allows data to be stored in a user's browser via the Web Storage API.
CSS Flexbox
- A modern layout model facilitating efficient arrangement and alignment of items in a container.
- To enable flexbox, set
display: flex;
on the container. -
flex-direction
determines the layout direction of flex items (e.g.,row
orcolumn
). -
justify-content
aligns items along the main axis (options:flex-start
,center
,space-between
). -
align-items
manages alignment along the cross axis with options likestretch
,flex-start
, andflex-end
. - For flex items,
flex-grow
controls growth ability,flex-shrink
manages shrinkage, andflex-basis
specifies the default size.
JavaScript ES6
- The sixth edition of ECMAScript introducing key features for modern JavaScript development.
- Includes
let
andconst
for block-scoped variable declarations;let
for mutable,const
for immutable variables. - Arrow Functions provide a concise syntax for functions, e.g.,
const add = (a, b) => a + b;
. - Template Literals facilitate multi-line strings and string interpolation using backticks (e.g.,
`Hello, ${name}`
). - Destructuring Assignment allows unpacking values from arrays or objects, e.g.,
const {name} = person;
. - Supports modular programming with
import
andexport
statements for better code organization. - Simplifies asynchronous coding using Promises,
.then()
,.catch()
, and async/await syntax.
DOM Manipulation
- Interaction with the Document Object Model (DOM) to modify webpage content and structure dynamically.
- Use
document.getElementById()
to select an element by ID. - Leverage
document.querySelector()
to select the first element that matches a CSS selector. - Use
document.querySelectorAll()
for selecting all matching elements, returned as a NodeList. - Change content with
element.innerHTML
andelement.textContent
. - Modify styles directly using
element.style.property
. - Manage class attributes with
element.classList.add()
andelement.classList.remove()
. - Attach event handlers via
element.addEventListener()
for events likeclick
,mouseover
, andkeydown
. - Create new elements using
document.createElement()
and append them to a parent withparentElement.appendChild()
.
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Description
This quiz covers the foundational concepts of HTML5 and CSS Flexbox, focusing on their key features and properties. Dive into the latest HTML enhancements and learn how to effectively arrange content on the web using Flexbox. Perfect for web developers looking to solidify their understanding of modern web standards.