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HTML Fundamentals
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HTML Fundamentals

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Questions and Answers

What is the correct structure of a basic HTML document?

  • <html><head></head><body></body></html> (correct)
  • <body><head><html></html></body>
  • <doctype><html></html><title></title>
  • <header><html></header><body></body>

    • What does the DOCTYPE declaration do in HTML?

  • Informs the browser about the HTML version used.
  • Indicates the title of the HTML page.
  • Defines the type of HTML document. (correct)
  • Specifies the character encoding of the HTML page.

    • Which components are part of the CSS box model?

  • Padding, Margin, Width, Height
  • Content, Border, Margin, Text
  • Content, Padding, Border, Margin (correct)
  • Width, Height, Margin, Background

    • What is the correct syntax for adding a comment in HTML?

    <!-- This is a comment --> Signup and view all the answers

    What property is used to create space between the content and the border of an element?

    <p>padding</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What tag is used to create hyperlinks in HTML?

    <a> Signup and view all the answers

    True or False: The margin property affects the space inside the border of an element.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which attribute is required in the tag?

    <p>src</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the meta charset='UTF-8' tag do in HTML?

    <p>Specifies the text encoding used by the browser.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which property controls the width of an element's border?

    <p>border-width</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What property is used to create rounded corners on elements?

    <p>border-radius</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which element is used for the largest heading?

    <h1> Signup and view all the answers

    Which HTML element represents a section of navigation links?

    <nav> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the flex-wrap property in CSS?

    <p>To specify how elements should wrap in a flex container</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which property makes an element position relative to its nearest positioned ancestor?

    <p>relative</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following describes the margin property in CSS?

    <p>Space outside the border of an element</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct syntax for applying a class selector in CSS?

    <p>.classname { }</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does inline CSS compare in specificity to external or internal styles?

    <p>Inline CSS has higher specificity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the default display value of a

    element in CSS?

    <p>block</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which selector correctly targets all

    elements that are descendants of a

    element?

    <p>div p { }</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What will the CSS rule 'div+p { }' achieve?

    <p>Styles for all <p> elements immediately after a <div> element.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following will NOT apply any styles to

    elements nested within a

    element?

    <p>p div { }</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In terms of CSS box model, which of the following is NOT considered a component?

    <p>Background</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements regarding CSS styling is true?

    <p>An inline CSS rule has the highest specificity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What property sets the text color in CSS?

    <p>color</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which CSS property ensures an image adjusts to its container size while maintaining aspect ratio?

    <p>max-width</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following has the highest specificity in CSS?

    <p>inline styles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of the CSS Flexbox layout model?

    <p>To provide a one-dimensional layout for arranging items in rows or columns.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is true regarding CSS specificity?

    <p>Inline styles have the highest specificity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In CSS, how are conflicting styles resolved?

    <p>By the specificity of the selectors.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does an ID selector compare to a class selector in terms of specificity?

    <p>ID selectors have a higher specificity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which property would best center align text within an element in CSS?

    <p>text-align</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What CSS property is used to define the spacing between flex items in a flex container?

    <p>gap</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which property is utilized to align flex items vertically within a flex container?

    <p>align-items</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement about Flexbox is true?

    <p>Flexbox supports arranging items in both rows and columns.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of the CSS Grid layout model?

    <p>To create two-dimensional layouts with rows and columns.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What CSS property specifies the number of columns in a grid container?

    <p>grid-template-columns</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which CSS property is responsible for creating smooth transitions between styles?

    <p>transition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about CSS animations is correct?

    <p>CSS animations allow keyframe-based animations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of using the 'gap' property within a flex container?

    <p>It sets both row and column gaps between flex items.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    HTML Fundamentals

    • The basic structure of an HTML document starts with the <html> element, which contains both the <head> and <body> elements.
    • The <head> section includes metadata, links to external stylesheets, and scripts, while the <body> section holds the visible content of the webpage.
    • The <!DOCTYPE> declaration informs the browser which HTML version the document is using to ensure proper rendering of content.
    • HTML comments are written inside <!-- comment text --> and are not displayed by the browser.
    • The <a> tag (anchor tag) is used to create hyperlinks in HTML. The href attribute specifies the destination URL.
    • The src (source) attribute is required in the <img> tag and defines the location of the image file to be displayed on the webpage.
    • The <meta charset="UTF-8"> tag specifies the character encoding for the webpage, enabling support for a variety of characters from different languages and symbols.
    • The <h1> tag represents the top-level heading in HTML and is the most prominent heading, often used for the main title or heading of a webpage. Headings from <h2> to <h6> decrease in size and importance.
    • The <nav> element is used to define a section of the webpage that contains navigation links, such as a menu or links to different sections of the site.

    CSS Basics

    • CSS (Cascading Style Sheets) is used to control the presentation and style of HTML documents.
    • Internal CSS is placed within the <style> tag inside the <head> of an HTML document.
    • External CSS is stored in a separate file with a .css extension and linked to an HTML document using the <link> tag.
    • Inline CSS applies styles directly on an HTML element using the style attribute.
    • The color property sets the text color.
    • The font-weight property sets the weight of the font, where bold makes the text bold.
    • The text-align property sets the horizontal alignment of the text.
    • Inline CSS has higher specificity than external or internal styles. This means that if there is a conflict, inline styles will take precedence.
    • The correct syntax for applying a class selector in CSS is to prefix the class name with a period (.), indicating that the styles should be applied to all elements with that class.

    CSS Box Model

    • The CSS box model consists of four components:
      • Content: The actual content of the box (text, images, etc.).
      • Padding: The space between the content and the border, which creates an inner space.
      • Border: The edge around the padding (if any) and content, defining the box's outer edge.
      • Margin: The space outside the border that separates the box from other elements.
    • The padding property in CSS is used to create space between the content of an element and its border.
    • The margin property affects the space outside the border of an element, separating it from other elements.
    • The border-width property specifies the width (thickness) of the border around an element.
    • The border-radius property is used to create rounded corners on elements.

    CSS Positioning

    • The position property controls the positioning of an element.
    • The static positioning is the default, where elements flow normally in the document.
    • The relative positioning allows elements to be positioned relative to their normal position in the document flow.
    • The absolute positioning removes elements from the normal document flow and positions them relative to the nearest positioned ancestor.
    • The fixed positioning removes elements from the normal document flow and positions them relative to the browser window.

    CSS Specificity and Inheritance

    • CSS specificity determines which CSS rules are applied to an element when multiple rules could apply.
    • Inline styles have the highest specificity, followed by IDs, classes, attributes, and then elements.
    • Styles defined with an ID selector have a higher specificity than styles defined with a class selector.

    CSS Flexbox and Grid

    • Flexbox is designed to handle layout in one dimension, either horizontally (rows) or vertically (columns), making it easier to distribute space and align items within a container.
    • The gap property (previously known as grid-gap in CSS Grid) defines the spacing between flex items.
    • The align-items property aligns flex items vertically within the flex container according to the specified alignment.
    • Flexbox is a one-dimensional layout model that allows items to be arranged in either a row or a column.
    • The CSS Grid layout model allows for the creation of complex layouts in two dimensions, enabling designers to define both rows and columns within a container.
    • The grid-template-columns property specifies the number of columns and their widths in a grid container.

    CSS Animations and Transitions

    • The transition property allows for smooth changes from one style to another over a specified duration.
    • CSS animations allow developers to create keyframe-based animations.
    • Keyframes define the different stages of an animation, allowing for smooth movement and changes over time.

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    Description

    Test your knowledge on the fundamental concepts of HTML, including its structure, key elements, and essential attributes. This quiz covers topics such as the role of the <head> and <body> sections, the importance of the DOCTYPE declaration, and how to create links and images. Perfect for beginners learning web development!

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