HTML Formatting and Styling

HTML Basics

• HTML tags are used to define the structure and content of a web page.
• Tags usually come in pairs, with the opening tag preceding the content and the closing tag following the content.
• The align attribute is used to specify the alignment of text within a page, with options including center, left, and right.

HTML Headings

• HTML headings are defined using the to tags, with being the most important and being the least important.
• The font size of headings decreases as the number increases.
• The default font size for normal text is 16px, and the font sizes for headings are:
  • ``: 32px
  • ``: 24px
  • ``: 18px
  • ``: 16px
  • ``: 13px
  • ``: 10px

HTML Paragraphs

• The <p> tag is used to define a paragraph.
• Browsers automatically add a single blank line before and after each </p><p> element.

HTML Divisions

• The </p><div> tag is used to divide content into sections.
• The <div> tag is a block-level element, meaning it takes up the full width of the page.
• The <div> tag is used to make divisions of content in the web page.

HTML Horizontal Rules

• The `` tag is used to define a horizontal rule.
• The `` tag is used to separate content in an HTML page.
• The syntax for the `` tag includes width, height, and color attributes.

HTML Hyperlinks

• The <a> tag is used to define a hyperlink.
• The most important attribute of the </a><a> element is the href attribute, which specifies the link's destination.
• By default, links will appear as follows in all browsers:
  • Unvisited link: underlined and blue
  • Visited link: underlined and purple
  • Active link: underlined and red

HTML Marquees

• The `` tag is used to create a scrolling text or image.
• The syntax for the `` tag includes behavior, direction, loop, width, height, bgcolor, scrollamount, and scrolldelay attributes.

HTML Media

• The `` tag is used to embed an image in an HTML page.
• The `` tag has two required attributes: src and alt.
• The `` tag is used to show a video on a web page.
• The `` tag allows you to specify alternative video files, and the browser will use the first recognized format.
• The `` tag is used to play an audio file on a web page.
• The `` tag allows you to specify alternative audio files, and the browser will use the first recognized format.

HTML Iframes

• The `` tag is used to embed a document or a webpage within another HTML document or webpage.
• Iframes can be used to embed YouTube videos and Google Maps into a webpage.

HTML Input Types

• The `` tag is used to create input fields for forms.
• The type attribute specifies the type of input field.
• The available input types are:
  • text: a single-line text input field
  • email: a field for entering an email address
  • password: a field for entering a password
  • radio: a radio button for selecting one option
  • checkbox: a checkbox for selecting zero or more options
  • submit: a submit button for submitting a form
  • button: a clickable button
  • reset: a reset button for resetting form controls
  • color: a color picker box
  • date: a date box
  • time: a time box
  • number: a number box
  • range: a range bar
  • file: a Choose File button

HTML Dropdowns

• The `` tag is used to create a drop-down list.
• The `` tag is used to define the available options in the drop-down list.
• The name attribute is needed to reference the form data after the form is submitted.

HTML Textarea

• The `` tag is used to create a multi-line input field.
• The `` tag is often used in a form to collect user inputs like comments or reviews.