HTML Document Structure

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Questions and Answers

Which section of an HTML document is used to define the page title that appears in the browser tab?

  • title (correct)
  • header
  • footer
  • body

The content within the `` section of an HTML document is visible to users.

False (B)

What is the primary purpose of the alt attribute in an `` tag?

To provide alternative text if the image cannot be displayed

The href attribute within an `` tag specifies the __________ URL.

<p>destination</p>
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Match the following HTML elements with their descriptions:

<p>`` = Represents a main heading</p>
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Which HTML tag is used to create an unordered list?

<p>`` (A)</p>
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Using both the width and height attributes on an `` tag is always the best practice to ensure proper image display.

<p>False (B)</p>
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What is the key difference between absolute and relative links?

<p>Absolute links point to a specific URL, while relative links point to pages within the same website.</p>
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The __________ attribute is used to specify where a link should open, such as in a new tab.

<p>target</p>
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Which of the following tag pairs represents the most important heading on a page?

<p><code>to</code> (B)</p>
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HTML tags are case-sensitive and must be written in a specific case to be interpreted correctly by browsers.

<p>False (B)</p>
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Explain the role of the `` declaration in an HTML document.

<p>It specifies the HTML5 standard for the document.</p>
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Content placed between the opening and closing __________ tags appears as a paragraph of text on the web page.

<p>p</p>
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In the context of HTML, what are attributes used for?

<p>To provide additional information about HTML elements. (B)</p>
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It is mandatory to include the closing tag for all HTML elements to ensure the webpage renders correctly.

<p>False (B)</p>
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Provide an example of how to open a link in a new tab using the target attribute.

<p><code>target=&quot;_blank&quot;</code></p>
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The src attribute in the `` tag specifies the __________ path.

<p>image</p>
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Match the following list types with their correct usage:

<p>`` = Represents an unordered, bulleted list.</p>
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What is CSS primarily used for in web development?

<p>Styling HTML elements to make websites visually appealing. (B)</p>
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Nesting HTML elements is not allowed as it can break the page rendering.

<p>False (B)</p>
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Flashcards

What is HTML?

The basic markup language for creating the structure of web pages.

What is the <!DOCTYPE html> declaration?

Defines the document type and version of HTML being used.

What is the <head> element?

Contains meta-information about the HTML document, such as the character set, title, links to CSS, and scripts.

What is the <title> tag?

Specifies a title for the HTML page (which is shown in a browser's title bar or tab).

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What is the <body> element?

Contains all the content of an HTML document (such as text, images, links, etc.) that is visible to users.

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What are heading tags?

Used to define headings in an HTML document (`` to <h6>).

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What is the <p> tag?

Represents a paragraph of text in an HTML document.

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What are HTML attributes?

Provide additional information about HTML elements; always specified in the start tag.

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What is the <a> tag?

Creates a hyperlink to other web pages or resources.

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What is the href attribute?

Specifies the destination address/URL of the link.

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What is an Absolute Link?

A link that points to another resource by specifying its absolute location.

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What is the target attribute?

Specifies where to open the linked document (e.g., _blank for a new tab).

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What is the <img> tag?

Represents an image in an HTML document.

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What is the src attribute?

Specifies the path to the image.

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What is the alt attribute?

Provides alternative text for an image if it cannot be displayed.

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What is the <ol> tag?

Used to create an ordered list.

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What is the <ul> tag?

Used to create an unordered list.

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What is the <li> tag?

Represents a list item within ordered (<ol>) or unordered (<ul>) lists.

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What is nesting HTML elements?

Embedding HTML elements inside other HTML elements

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Study Notes

HTML Basics

  • HTML is the foundation for creating web page content and structure.
  • HTML uses tags to create page content.

HTML Document Structure

  • A standard HTML document includes a <!DOCTYPE html> declaration specifying the HTML5 standard.
  • The <html> element has two main sections: <head> and <body>.
  • The <head> section contains meta-information for the browser (not visible to users), such as CSS and JavaScript links.
  • The <head> section can define the page title, which appears in the browser tab, by using <title>.
  • The <body> section contains the content that is visible to users.

Head Section

  • The content in the <head> section is not displayed on the page.
  • The browser can use the information in the <head> section.
  • The <head> section often includes links to CSS files and JavaScript files.
  • The page title is specified using the <title> tag within the <head> section, and will display in the browser tab.

Body Section

  • The <body> section contains content, such as text and images that will be visible to users.

Headings (<h1> to <h6>)

  • Headings are added using <h1> to <h6> tags, representing different levels of content hierarchy.
  • <h1> is the main heading and should be unique on the page, representing the page's primary topic.
  • <h2> to <h6> represent subheadings of decreasing importance.

Paragraphs (<p>)

  • Paragraphs of text are added using the <p> tag.

HTML Tag Structure

  • HTML tags consist of an opening tag (e.g., <h1>) and a closing tag (e.g., </h1>).
  • Modern code editors often automatically insert the closing tag.
  • Tags can have attributes that provide additional information to the browser of an HTML element.
  • Content goes between the opening and closing tags.

Attributes

  • Attributes provide additional information about HTML elements.
  • Attributes have a name and a value, written as name="value" inside the opening tag.
  • Links are created using the <a> tag.
  • The href attribute specifies the destination URL.
  • Link text is placed between the opening and closing <a> tags such as <a href="https://example.com">My Channel</a>.
  • Absolute links point to a specific URL, like a YouTube channel.
  • Relative links point to pages within the same website, using file paths.

The target Attribute

  • The target attribute determines where the link opens (e.g., in a new tab).
  • target="_blank" opens the link in a new tab.

Images (<img>)

  • Images are added using the <img> tag.
  • The src attribute specifies the image source URL.
  • The alt attribute provides alternative text if the image cannot be displayed (improves accessibility).

Image Attributes: src and alt

  • The src attribute in the <img> tag specifies the image path which can be absolute or relative
  • Including the alt attribute is standard practice and is helpful for accessibility purposes if image does not load

Controlling Image Size

  • The width and height attributes can set image dimensions in pixels.
  • Maintaining aspect ratio is important, so setting only one dimension ( width or height) is recommended.

Lists (<ol>, <ul>, <li>)

  • Ordered lists <ol> are used for items with a specific order or numbered. Each list item is enclosed in <li> tags.
  • Unordered lists <ul> are used for items without a specific order, with list items in <li> tags and are generally bulleted.

Nesting HTML Elements

  • HTML elements can be nested within each other.
  • Links can be wraped within a list to create clickable elements
  • Links can be placed inside list items to create lists of links.

Learning More HTML

  • After mastering the basics, continue exploring additional HTML tags and attributes.
  • The Mozilla Developer Network (MDN) provides comprehensive HTML documentation.
  • Practice building web pages to solidify understanding.

CSS for Styling

  • CSS is used to style HTML elements and make websites visually appealing.

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