Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which of the following is true regarding HTML attributes?
Which of the following is true regarding HTML attributes?
- They provide additional information about elements. (correct)
- They are optional for all HTML elements.
- They are specified in the closing tag of an element.
- They are written as value="name".
What attribute is mandatory within the <a>
tag to create a hyperlink?
What attribute is mandatory within the <a>
tag to create a hyperlink?
- class
- src
- alt
- href (correct)
Which attributes are recommended to be included in the <img>
tag?
Which attributes are recommended to be included in the <img>
tag?
- width and height (correct)
- alt and href
- src and alt
- src and href
An HTML element that starts on a new line and takes up the full width available is known as which type of element?
An HTML element that starts on a new line and takes up the full width available is known as which type of element?
Which of the following elements is an example of an inline element?
Which of the following elements is an example of an inline element?
Which HTML tag defines the most prominent heading?
Which HTML tag defines the most prominent heading?
What is the correct HTML tag for defining a paragraph?
What is the correct HTML tag for defining a paragraph?
Which HTML element is used to define a large quotation?
Which HTML element is used to define a large quotation?
Given the following HTML snippet: <a href="https://example.com">Click Here</a>
, what is the user's destination upon clicking the link?
Given the following HTML snippet: <a href="https://example.com">Click Here</a>
, what is the user's destination upon clicking the link?
Consider the following scenario: You want to display an image, ensure proper spacing around it, and have it occupy its own line. Simultaneously, you need a semantic way to define a division or a section in an HTML document. Which combination of elements and CSS properties would best achieve this?
Consider the following scenario: You want to display an image, ensure proper spacing around it, and have it occupy its own line. Simultaneously, you need a semantic way to define a division or a section in an HTML document. Which combination of elements and CSS properties would best achieve this?
What is the primary function of HTML?
What is the primary function of HTML?
Which tag is used to define the visible content of an HTML page?
Which tag is used to define the visible content of an HTML page?
What does the DOCTYPE declaration specify in an HTML document?
What does the DOCTYPE declaration specify in an HTML document?
Which of the following is an example of a properly nested HTML structure?
Which of the following is an example of a properly nested HTML structure?
Which statement is true about HTML empty elements?
Which statement is true about HTML empty elements?
What is the correct HTML for creating a hyperlink?
What is the correct HTML for creating a hyperlink?
Which HTML element is used to define the title of an HTML document?
Which HTML element is used to define the title of an HTML document?
In HTML, what is the purpose of the
entity?
In HTML, what is the purpose of the
entity?
Given the constraints of valid HTML4 and the aim of structuring content semantically, which element is most appropriate for delineating logical sections within a document, each potentially containing its own heading?
Given the constraints of valid HTML4 and the aim of structuring content semantically, which element is most appropriate for delineating logical sections within a document, each potentially containing its own heading?
Flashcards
HTML Attributes
HTML Attributes
Provide extra detail about HTML elements and appear in the start tag.
Specifies the URL the link goes to in an <a>
tag.
width
attribute
width
attribute
Represent the width of an image.
height
attribute
height
attribute
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Block-level element
Block-level element
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Inline element
Inline element
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element
element
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element
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HTML Headings
HTML Headings
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What is HTML?
What is HTML?
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What does HTML do?
What does HTML do?
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What do HTML Elements do?
What do HTML Elements do?
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What is ?
What is ?
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What is the element?
What is the element?
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What is the
element?
What is the
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What is the
element?
What is the
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What is the
element?
What is the
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What are elements?
What are
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What is the
element?
What is the
element?
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Study Notes
- HTML stands for Hyper Text Markup Language.
- HTML is the standard markup language for creating web pages.
- HTML describes the structure of a web page.
- HTML consists of a series of elements.
- HTML elements tell the browser how to display the content.
- HTML elements label content such as "this is a heading", "this is a paragraph", "this is a link", and more.
Simple HTML Document Structure
- The structure is:
<!DOCTYPE html><html><head><title>Page Title</title></head><body><h1>My First Heading</h1><p>My first paragraph.</p></body></html>
Web Browsers
- Web Browsers, like Chrome, Edge, Firefox, and Safari read HTML documents and display them correctly.
- Web browsers use the HTML tags to determine how to display the document but do not display the HTML tags themselves.
HTML Page Structure
- The content inside the
<body>
section is displayed in a browser. - The content inside the
<title>
element is shown in the browser's title bar or in the page's tab.
Special Entity Characters
- Special characters like quotes and copyright symbols can be displayed using entity characters.
- Copyright symbol:
©
- Less than symbol:
<
- Greater than symbol:
>
- Ampersand:
&
- Space:
HTML Documents
- HTML documents must start with a document type declaration:
<!DOCTYPE html>
. - The HTML document begins with
<html>
and ends with</html>
. - The visible part of the HTML document is between
<body>
and</body>
.
HTML Element Definition
- An HTML element consists of a start tag, content, and an end tag:
<tagname>Content goes here...</tagname>
. - An HTML element is everything from the start tag to the end tag.
- Elements with no content, like
<br>
, are called empty elements and do not have an end tag.
Nested HTML Elements
- HTML elements can be nested, meaning they can contain other elements.
- All HTML documents consist of nested HTML elements.
- The
<html>
element is the root element and defines the whole HTML document. - It has a start tag
<html>
and an end tag</html>
. - Inside the
<html>
element, there is a<body>
.
HTML Attributes
- HTML attributes provide additional information about HTML elements.
- All HTML elements can have attributes, which are specified in the start tag.
- Attributes usually come in name/value pairs, like:
name="value"
- *The
<a>
tag defines a hyperlink and thehref
attribute specifies the URL;<a href="https://www.google.com">Visit google</a>
- *The
<img>
tag should contain thewidth
andheight
attributes, which specify the width and height of the image;<img src="img.jpg" width="500" height="600">
HTML Block and Inline Elements
- Every HTML element has a default display value, depending on its type.
- Block-level elements always start on a new line.
- Browsers automatically add some space (a margin) before and after block-level elements;
<p>
and<div>
- Inline elements do not start on a new line.
- Inline elements only take up as much width as necessary.
Block-level elements
- Two commonly used block elements are
<p>
and<div>
. - The
<p>
element defines a paragraph in an HTML document. - The
<div>
element defines a division or a section in an HTML document.
Inline elements
- Inline elements does not start on a new line.
- Inline elements only takes up as much width as necessary.
<span>
element is an example of an inline element, it is usually inside a paragarph.
HTML Headings
- HTML headings are titles or subtitles displayed on a webpage.
- HTML headings are defined with the
<h1>
to<h6>
tags. <h1>
defines the most important heading, while<h6>
defines the least important.
HTML Paragraphs
- HTML paragraphs are defined with the
<p>
tag;<p>This is a paragraph.</p>
HTML for Quotations
- The
<blockquote>
element defines a section quoted from another source. - Browsers usually indent
<blockquote>
elements.
HTML Links
- The
<a>
tag in HTML is typically used to create hyperlinks for navigation. - HTML links are defined with the
<a>
tag;<a href="https://www.google.com">This is a link</a>
Absolute Links
- Used to link with other websites;
<a href="https://yahoo.com">Yahoo</a>
Relative Links
- Links to pages on the users own site; `Home
- The link is relative to the current page
HTML Links for emails and phone numbers
- The
<a>
tag can create links for email addresses and phone numbers. - For Email: Use the
mailto:
protocol inside the href attribute to open the default email client with the email address pre-filled;<a href="mailto:example@ccq.edu.qa">This is a link</a>
- For Phone Number: Use the
tel:
protocol for a clickable phone number link, useful on mobile devices for initiating phone calls.<a href="tel:+97470070070">Call Us</a>
HTML Line Break Element
- The Line Break element;
<br>
<br>
is a stand-alone tag.<br>
is considered a void element in HTML5.- It causes the next element or text to display on a new line.
HTML Horizontal Rule Element
- The Horizontal Rule element;
<hr>
<hr>
is a void element.- It configures a horizontal line on the page.
- In HTML5, it should indicate a thematic break at the paragraph level.
HTML Phrase Elements
- Phrase elements indicate the context and meaning of the text.
- These will display inline with existing text
- Common phrase elements are:
Bold
<b></b>
- Text will be displayed in as a bold font.
Strong
<strong></strong>
- Text has strong importance and is displayed in Bold.
Italic
<i></i>
- Text is displayed in italics
Emphasis
<em></em>
- Text has emphasis and is displayed in italics
HTML Lists
- HTML lists allow web developers to group a set of related items in lists.
- There are Unordered Lists, Description Lists and Ordered Lists.
Unordered HTML Lists
- Lists begins with the
<ul>
tag. - Each Item starts with the
<li>
tag. - By default the list items would be marked (small black circles)
Ordered HTML List
- The list begins with the
<ol>
tag. - Each list item begins with the
<li>
tag. - By default the list items will be marked/ ordered with numbers
HTML Discription list
- Lists of terms with a description of each term.
- The
<dl>
tag defines the discription list. - The
<dt>
tag defines the term with its name. - The
<dd>
tag describes each term
HTML Div Element
- The
<div>
element is a container for all other HTML elements. - The
<div>
element by default a block element. <div>
is defined to take all available width, with defined line breaks before and after.- You can have many
<div>
containers on the same page.
Structural Elements
- Header Element:
<header></header>
, contains the headings - Nav Element:
<nav></nav>
, contains the main navigation - Main Element:
<main></main>
, contains the main content - Footer Element:
<footer></footer>
, contains the footer
HTML Tables
- HTML tables allow web developers to arrange data into rows and columns.
- Use "table" tags to contruct and organize content effectively.
- Its commonly used to group related items, so it is easily understood.
Table Creation
- Tables are created with
<table> </table>
, providing a table container for rows. - Each table
row
its created with<tr> </tr>
tags. - Each data cell of a table is marked with the tags
<td>
,</td>
. The data will be presented between these tags. - To add a title, use
<caption> </caption>
tag. Insert the name between the tag, and this it will display your tables title. - Row and column headings, can be added between
<th> </th>
tags. Adding this element is optional - Cell content of a table, between the
<td>
</td>
tags, which defines the data. - The opening tag has to follow the pattern,
<table>
,<caption>
,<tr>
,<th>
,<td>
. - When creating a table, the
<td>
and<tr>
closing tags may be omitted. Both forms of<td>
and<tr>
are the same. - Spanning a cell over multiple columns is known as column span. To achieve this you can use the following tag;
<th colsapn="2">Name</th>
- To make a cell span over multiple rows (row span) use the following tag;
<td rowspan="2">Monday</td>
Enhance Tables
<thead>
and<tfoot>
tags are to be used for additional information .<tbody>
tags when<thead>
and/or<tfoot>
are used.- Long tables may have multiple
<tbody>
elements to group rows into sections . - Printed documents, will repat headers and footers on each page.
<thead>
must appear before<tbody>
, but must appear after<caption>
element its present.- Table readability and organization will be enhanced with with structure
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