HSC 3502 Exam Review: Weeks 9-14

<p>Middle ear condition (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>In the canal (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It maintains the heart rhythm and coordinates contractions. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Myocardium (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Engaging in contact sports (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Arteries (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To prevent backflow of blood into the chambers. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is usually returned to the heart. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Every 3 to 6 months (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To provide emotional support and raise funds. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To stimulate the auditory nerve directly (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Less than 50% speech comprehension (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To reduce vertigo and dizziness (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Telecoils (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They consider deafness to be a deficiency. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To protect ears from damage (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Mastoidectomy (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Rhythmic movement activities (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Pain and other medical conditions (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Some models can range from $1500 to $3500 each. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Thrombus or embolus blocking blood flow (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Severe abdominal pain (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Within 3 hours after the onset of symptoms (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A warning signal for potential future strokes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Black individuals compared to white individuals (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They may not present noticeable symptoms (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Smoking (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Paralysis of the left arm (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Rupture of a blood vessel in the brain (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A gap in support services for certain age groups (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Neurons can create new pathways through synaptic connections. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Constraint induced movement therapy (CIMT) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Progressive dyspnea (shortness of breath) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Aspirin intake (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Physical therapy session (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They are often mistaken for normal aging. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Inflammation or irritation of the airways (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Statins (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Diaphragm and bronchioles (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Chronic bronchitis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Arrhythmia (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Atherosclerosis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Chest pain (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Chronic inflammation and blockage of arteries (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Medications such as antiarrhythmics (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Left-sided heart failure (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Myocardial infarction involves heart muscle damage (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Defibrillation or CPR (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Primary (essential) hypertension (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Risk factor for stroke (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Blood flowing backward into the atria (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Endocarditis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Nocturia (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The heart muscle, where heart attacks occur.

Inner lining of the heart, including the valves.

Blood that has given up its oxygen.

Starts the heart's electrical activity; controls heart rate.

Heart valve prone to problems; ensures one-way blood flow.

Carry blood away from the heart.

Carry blood to the heart.

Blood carrying oxygen.

A region in the southeastern United States with a significantly higher rate of stroke occurrences.

A stroke caused by a blockage in a blood vessel supplying the brain, depriving brain tissue of oxygen and nutrients.

A stroke caused by a ruptured blood vessel in or around the brain, leading to bleeding.

A temporary interruption of blood supply to the brain, causing stroke-like symptoms that resolve within a day.

A stroke that doesn't cause noticeable symptoms, but can lead to long-term neurological deficits.

A medication used to dissolve blood clots in the brain, potentially preventing permanent brain damage.

Factors that can be modified to reduce the risk of stroke, such as smoking, obesity, sedentary lifestyle, and heavy alcohol intake.

A bulging or ballooning in the wall of a blood vessel that can rupture and cause a hemorrhagic stroke.

An abnormal connection between arteries and veins that can rupture and cause bleeding in the brain.

The location of a stroke lesion in the brain determines the specific neurological deficits a person experiences. The affected side of the body is opposite to the side of the brain where the lesion occurred.

A specific type of hardening of the arteries where plaque builds up inside the arteries, leading to inflammation and narrowing.

Hardening of the arteries caused by thickening and loss of elasticity in the blood vessels.

Chest pain caused by insufficient oxygen supply to the heart muscle, often triggered by physical exertion.

Irregular heartbeat, involving changes in rhythm, rate, or both.

Sudden cessation of heart function, where the heart stops beating, often leading to unconsciousness.

Stable angina is predictable and triggered by exertion. Unstable angina occurs at rest and is more severe and frequent, requiring immediate medical attention.

Nitroglycerin helps relieve angina by dilating blood vessels, improving blood flow to the heart.

High blood pressure, a condition where the blood pressure is consistently above the normal range.

A tympanogram measures air pressure changes in the middle ear, helping to identify issues with the eardrum and middle ear function.

Speech audiometry tests how well a person understands and discriminates spoken words at different sound levels. It assesses both speech reception (understanding) and speech discrimination (distinguishing between similar sounds).

An audiogram is a graph that visually represents a person's hearing ability across different frequencies (pitches) and sound levels (decibels).

Acoustic Immittance Impedance Audiometry assesses the functionality of the middle ear by measuring how much sound energy is reflected back from the eardrum. This helps determine the flexibility of the tympanic membrane and the efficiency of sound transmission to the inner ear.

Otoacoustic emissions (OAE) are sounds produced by the inner ear itself, specifically the cochlea. OAE testing helps determine if the inner ear is functioning properly.

The brain's ability to change and adapt by forming new connections and pathways, even in response to injury or experience. This is the basis for brain rehabilitation.

Constraint-Induced Movement Therapy, a rehabilitation technique that focuses on retraining an affected limb by restricting the use of the unaffected limb.

When a person with a stroke or other neurological impairment stops using an affected limb due to weakness or lack of control, leading to further decline in function.

Rehabilitation that focuses on teaching patients how to perform daily tasks and activities of daily living, such as dressing, bathing, and eating, after a stroke.

A lung disease characterized by damage and enlargement of the air sacs (alveoli), making it difficult to breathe.

A long-term condition characterized by inflammation of the bronchi, causing excessive mucus production and narrowing of the airways.

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, a group of lung diseases that make it hard to breathe due to airflow obstruction and damage to the airways and alveoli.

Strategies to reduce the risk of stroke, including managing blood pressure, cholesterol, and diabetes, avoiding smoking, and taking aspirin.

A mnemonic for recognizing stroke symptoms: Face drooping, Arm weakness, Speech difficulty, Time to call 911.

The process of restoring function and independence after a stroke, often involving a combination of therapy, medication, and surgery.

Hearing aids that use two separate microphones and receivers, one for each ear, to improve sound localization and overall hearing experience.

A coil in hearing aids that picks up electromagnetic signals from devices like loop systems, allowing for clear sound reception in public places like theaters and airports.

A device surgically implanted in the inner ear to directly stimulate the auditory nerve for hearing in individuals with profound hearing loss.

A process of helping individuals with hearing loss learn to use their residual hearing, adjust to their hearing loss, and maximize their communication skills.

A visual language used by Deaf individuals, with its own grammar and syntax, forming a cultural cornerstone for the Deaf community.

Discrimination against Deaf individuals based on their hearing status, often leading to prejudice and exclusion.

A specialized exercise-based therapy that aims to reduce dizziness, vertigo, and imbalance in individuals with vestibular disorders.

A surgical procedure where the eardrum is punctured to release pressure build-up in the middle ear, often involving insertion of a ventilation tube.

Surgery involving the removal of the stapes bone in the middle ear, followed by the placement of a prosthesis to restore hearing.

Medications that can damage the inner ear and cause hearing loss or balance problems.

Nitroglycerin helps relieve angina by dilating blood vessels, improving blood flow to the heart and allowing more oxygen to reach the muscle.

High blood pressure, a condition where the pressure in the arteries is consistently above the normal range.

Coronary Artery Disease (CAD): Inadequate blood supply to the heart due to narrowed arteries. Heart Failure: The heart can't pump blood effectively, leading to fluid buildup. Atrial Fibrillation (AFib): Irregular and rapid heart rhythm in the upper chambers of the heart.

Symptoms include chest pain, pressure that radiates to the left arm, neck or back pain, nausea, shortness of breath, and sweating.

Cardiac arrest is when the heart stops beating entirely. A heart attack is when the heart muscle is damaged due to lack of oxygen.

Risk factors include high blood pressure, high cholesterol, smoking, diabetes, lack of exercise, obesity, family history, and age.

This is the normal blood pressure reading. The top number (systolic) represents the pressure when the heart beats, and the bottom number (diastolic) represents the pressure when the heart rests.

Treatment options include cardiac resynchronization therapy (pacemakers, defibrillators), heart transplants, and medications like antihypertensives, digitalis, and diuretics.