HRP431 Finals Review - Peacemaking
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary responsibility of the International Court of Justice (ICJ)?

  • Prosecuting individuals for war crimes
  • Providing humanitarian aid to states
  • Classifying human rights
  • Settling legal disputes between states (correct)

    • Peace is classified as a second-generation human right.

    False

    What does ICC stand for, and what is its primary role?

    International Criminal Court; prosecuting individuals for serious offenses like genocide and war crimes.

    The ______________ power of permanent members of the UNSC can hinder actions against human rights violations.

    <p>veto</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Human security is primarily concerned with the protection of individuals from which type of threats?

    <p>Both direct and indirect threats</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following classifications of rights:

    <p>First-generation = Civil and political rights Second-generation = Economic, social, and cultural rights Third-generation = Collective and developmental rights Natural rights = Inherent human rights</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which countries are mentioned as not being members of the ICC?

    <p>USA, Russia, and China</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Human rights can only be classified based on their source.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of the CARHRIHL?

    <p>Human rights and international humanitarian law</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Comprehensive Agreement for Respect on Human Rights and International Humanitarian Law facilitates the involvement of only the Government of the Republic of the Philippines.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does CEDAW stand for?

    <p>Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Commission on Human Rights (CHR) is an independent office created by the __________.

    <p>Constitution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following parties with their roles in the CARHRIHL:

    <p>Government of the Republic of the Philippines = Party to the agreement National Democratic Front of the Philippines = Party to the agreement Constitution = Source of the CHR's creation CEDAW = International convention for women's rights</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which aspect of human rights does the Philippine Constitution specifically address?

    <p>Civil, political, economic, social, and cultural rights</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Discrimination against women includes any distinction that disadvantages women.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do the principles of human rights and international humanitarian law aim to address?

    <p>Protection of individuals and communities during conflicts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of peacebuilding?

    <p>To promote peace and order by building social structures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Negative peace can be achieved through coercive measures.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who introduced the concepts of negative peace and positive peace?

    <p>Johan Galtung</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Positive peace requires the development of just and equitable conditions, as well as the elimination of __________ social structures.

    <p>inegalitarian</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following types of violence with their definitions:

    <p>Direct violence = Physical injuries and infliction of pain Structural violence = Discriminatory practices that cause human misery Cultural violence = Aspects of culture that justify structural violence Ecological violence = Destruction of natural resources and environment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which approach is NOT included in the UN's Agenda for Peace?

    <p>Conflict escalation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Structural violence is easier to recognize than direct violence.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What kind of peace focuses on social justice, equity, and elimination of structural violence?

    <p>Positive peace</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The __________ Model of a culture of peace emphasizes personal peace as well as peace with others and nature.

    <p>Integral</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following phases of peace studies with their respective timelines:

    <p>Evolutionary Phase = 1648-1914 Post-evolutionary Phase = 1914-1945 Institutional Developments = 1945-1990 Contemporary Phase = Post 1990</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of cultural positive peace?

    <p>Legitimizing violence through cultural norms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Peacemaking and peacebuilding can occur in different sequences.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the foundation for positive peace according to ecological perspectives?

    <p>Peace with nature</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A culture of __________ is characterized by the physical and structural violence embedded in cultural values.

    <p>war</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the UNCRPD stand for?

    <p>United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does RA 9262 (Anti-Violence Against Women and their Children Act of 2004) address?

    <p>Physical, sexual, psychological violence, and economic abuse</p> Signup and view all the answers

    RA 7277 is known as the Magna Carta for Persons with Disabilities.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Magna Carta of Women (RA 9710) emphasizes the equality of women and men before the law.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What age defines a child according to the Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC)?

    <p>Under the age of eighteen years</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is Battered Woman Syndrome (BWS)?

    <p>A pattern of psychological and behavioral symptoms found in women living in battering relationships due to cumulative abuse.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The _______ Law requires certain buildings to promote a barrier-free environment for persons with disabilities.

    <p>Accessibility</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following rights does RA 9442 provide to persons with disabilities?

    <p>20% discount privileges in various services</p> Signup and view all the answers

    RA 7877 is known as the __________ Act of 1995.

    <p>Anti-Sexual Harassment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following laws with their focus:

    <p>RA 9262 = Anti-Violence Against Women and their Children RA 7192 = Women in Development and Nation Building RA 9710 = Magna Carta of Women RA 7877 = Anti-Sexual Harassment Act</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The rights granted to children do not include special care for disabled children.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which right ensures that women can participate in decision-making in their communities?

    <p>Right to self-determination</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary aim of the Magna Carta of Women?

    <p>To promote and protect women's rights</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is women's empowerment?

    <p>Provisions that enable women to actively participate in nation-building and societal development.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following laws with their focus areas:

    <p>RA 7277 = Magna Carta for Disabled Persons RA 9442 = Magna Carta for Persons with Disabilities Batas Pambansa Blg. 344 = Accessibility for PWDs CRC = Rights of Children</p> Signup and view all the answers

    International humanitarian law does not address the recognition and enjoyment of women's human rights.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Introduction to Peace and Conflict Studies

    • Peace involves more than just the absence of war; it includes social structures and justice.
    • Johan Galtung introduced concepts of negative and positive peace.
    • Negative peace = absence of violence; Positive peace = presence of social justice and equality.

    Forms of Violence

    • Direct violence includes physical harm, e.g., killing and verbal abuse.
    • Structural violence arises from social inequalities causing human misery, like poverty and hunger.
    • Cultural violence involves cultural elements that justify or legitimize structural violence.

    Positive Peace and Peacebuilding

    • Positive peace emphasizes social justice, equity, and eliminating structural violence.
    • Direct positive peace includes acts of kindness that promote community well-being.
    • Structural positive peace transforms societal conflict tools into peace-promoting frameworks.
    • Cultural positive peace legitimizes nonviolence through cultural means like religion and media.

    Conflict Resolution and Peacemaking

    • The UN’s Agenda for Peace includes preventive diplomacy, peacemaking, peacekeeping, and peacebuilding.
    • Peacekeeping involves military support to restore and maintain international peace and security.
    • Peacemaking is diplomatic, aiming to settle disputes, potentially through coercive means.

    Peace Studies and Peace Education

    • Peace and conflict studies analyze peace conditions and war causes, evolving through four phases since 1648.
    • Peace education fosters knowledge and skills for responsible citizenship and advocates for peace values.

    Ecological Peace and Violence

    • Peace with nature underpins positive peace; harmony with the environment is vital for human survival.
    • Ecological violence leads to resource depletion and environmental degradation, fueling social conflicts.
    • Sustainable development and ecological awareness are key to building a culture of peace.

    Nature and Definition of Human Rights

    • War often violates human rights. The International Court of Justice (ICJ) resolves state disputes.
    • The International Criminal Court (ICC) prosecutes severe international crimes, such as genocide.

    Right to Peace and Classification of Rights

    • Peace is recognized as a fundamental human right, facilitating the achievement of other rights.
    • Human rights can be classified by source (natural or statutory), recipient (individual or collective), and other criteria.

    Challenges to Peace, Security, and Human Rights

    • National interests of states often limit peace and human rights enforcement capabilities.
    • The veto power of UNSC members can obstruct actions against human rights violations.
    • Human security focuses on protecting individuals from numerous threats and establishing supportive norms.

    Human Rights in the Philippines

    • The 1987 Philippine Constitution provides extensive rights protections, including civil and economic rights.
    • CARHRIHL addresses human rights and international humanitarian law.
    • The ongoing conflict has reinforced the need for strict compliance with human rights principles.

    National Laws Protecting Women's Rights

    • RA 9262 addresses violence against women and children.
    • Battered Woman Syndrome (BWS) describes behavioral patterns resulting from cumulative abuse.
    • The Magna Carta of Women (RA 9710) promotes women's role in nation-building and legal equality.
    • RA 7877 criminalizes sexual harassment in academic and work environments.

    Rights of Indigenous People

    • Rights of Indigenous Peoples should be recognized as part of broader human rights frameworks in international law.### Women's Rights under the Magna Carta of Women
    • Focus on justice, reparation, and prevention measures
    • Right to health, equal rights in marriage and family relations, and employment rights emphasized
    • Context of ongoing transitional justice efforts influenced by the Communist armed challenge

    Rights of Persons with Disabilities

    • UNCRPD (United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities) aims to promote and protect full enjoyment of rights for persons with disabilities
    • Persons with Disabilities (PWDs) defined as individuals with long-term impairments affecting societal participation
    • RA 7277 (Magna Carta for Disabled Persons) ensures equal rights in education, health, and political participation for PWDs
    • RA 9442 provides a 20% discount on services and activities for PWDs
    • Batas Pambansa Blg. 344 mandates accessibility measures in public spaces for PWDs

    Rights of Children

    • CRC (Convention on the Rights of the Child) classifies a child as anyone under eighteen years old
    • Protects rights including life, name, nationality, parental care, adoption, and special provisions for disabled children

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    HRP431 Finals Reviewer - Sorix PDF

    Description

    Prepare for your HRP431 finals with this comprehensive reviewer focused on peacemaking and conflict resolution. The quiz covers key concepts from the Introduction to Peace and Conflict Studies, including diplomatic strategies and coercive measures. Enhance your understanding and boost your confidence for the exam!

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