HPV Oncogenic Types Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the recommended frequency of Pap smears for a HIV negative woman from age 30 onwards?

Every 10 years

How often should a HIV positive woman have Pap smears after diagnosis?

Every 6 months for 3 years

List two early presentations of Carcinoma of the Cervix.

Abnormal vaginal bleeding and Post-coital bleeding

What are the late presentations of Carcinoma of the Cervix?

Pain and Loss of weight Signup and view all the answers

Why may colposcopy be necessary for the diagnosis of very early lesions of Carcinoma of the Cervix?

Very early lesions may be invisible to the naked eye Signup and view all the answers

Which high risk types of HPV are associated with carcinoma of the cervix?

Types 16, 18, 31, 33, 35, 39, 45, 51, 56, 58, and 66 Signup and view all the answers

What is the estimated percentage of sexually active women who will be exposed to HPV in their teens and early twenties?

80% Signup and view all the answers

What male factor has been suggested to potentially contain oncogenic proteins related to cervical neoplasia?

Semen Signup and view all the answers

What sexual behavior is associated with the highest risk of exposure to HPV?

Early sexual debut (adolescence) Signup and view all the answers

Which infection has been reported as a significant and independent risk factor for cervical neoplasia?

Chlamydia Trachomatis Signup and view all the answers

What racial and cultural factor is associated with a higher incidence of cervical carcinoma?

Low socio-economic groups Signup and view all the answers

What are the three types of Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia (CIN) based on histopathology?

CIN 1, CIN 2, CIN 3 Signup and view all the answers

What grading system is currently in general use for reporting cytology of cervical lesions?

The Bethesda system Signup and view all the answers

How often should a HIV negative woman have Pap smears from the age of 30?

Every 10 years Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended frequency of Pap smears for a HIV positive woman?

Every 6 months for 3 years Signup and view all the answers

What is the next step if a Pap smear shows ASCUS or LSIL?

Repeat smear after 6 months Signup and view all the answers

When should a Pap smear not be performed?

During heavy menstruation and in the presence of a vaginal infection Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Carcinoma of the Cervix

The oral contraceptive pill has a slightly increased risk of cervical cancer, influenced by other risk factors.
Screening involves Pap smears, which are recommended for HIV-negative women every 10 years starting from age 30, and for HIV-positive women every 6 months for 3 years, and then yearly if no abnormalities are found.

Presentation of Carcinoma of the Cervix

Early symptoms: abnormal vaginal bleeding, post-coital bleeding, and abnormal vaginal discharge.
Late symptoms: pain and weight loss.

Diagnosis of Carcinoma of the Cervix

Colposcopy may be necessary to detect very early lesions that are invisible to the naked eye.
High-risk types of HPV (16, 18, 31, 33, 35, 39, 45, 51, 56, 58, and 66) are associated with carcinoma of the cervix.

HPV and Cervical Cancer

HPV is predominantly sexually transmitted and survives inside epithelial cells.
When host factors are favorable, HPV DNA integrates into host DNA, leading to dysplastic cells.
80% of sexually active women will be exposed to HPV in their teens and early twenties, but most infections will disappear spontaneously.
Only women with persistent high-risk HPV infection after the age of 30 are at risk for developing cervical cancer.

Risk Factors for HPV Exposure

Coital factors: early sexual debut, coitus with multiple partners, and Chlamydia Trachomatis infection.
Other male factors: possible presence of oncogenic proteins in semen.
Racial and cultural factors: women of low socio-economic groups have a higher incidence of cervical carcinoma.
Other factors: smoking cigarettes is associated with a two-fold increase in the risk of developing cervical carcinoma.

Premalignant Lesions of the Cervix

Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia (CIN) is a recognized precursor of invasive carcinoma of the cervix.
CIN has three types: CIN 1, CIN 2, and CIN 3, based on the degree of epithelial involvement.
The Bethesda system is used for cytology reporting, with terms such as Squamous Intraepithelial Lesion (SIL) low grade and SIL high grade.

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Description

Test your knowledge on high risk oncogenic types of HPV and their association with cervical carcinoma. Learn about the transmission, integration of viral DNA, and formation of dysplastic cells. Find out more about the prevalence of HPV among sexually active women.