Podcast
Questions and Answers
What chromatography technique would be best to separate sodium chloride and sucrose?
What chromatography technique would be best to separate sodium chloride and sucrose?
- Affinity chromatography
- Gel filtration chromatography
- Ion exchange chromatography (correct)
- Reverse phase HPLC
Which LC mode is most appropriate to separate a mixture of caffeine, aspirin, and paracetamol?
Which LC mode is most appropriate to separate a mixture of caffeine, aspirin, and paracetamol?
- Size exclusion HPLC
- Reverse phase HPLC (correct)
- Ion exchange HPLC
- Normal phase HPLC
Which chromatographic technique exploits specific biological recognition for protein purification?
Which chromatographic technique exploits specific biological recognition for protein purification?
- Partition chromatography
- Affinity chromatography (correct)
- Ion exchange chromatography
- Size exclusion chromatography
If you want to separate amino acids, which technique would be suitable?
If you want to separate amino acids, which technique would be suitable?
What type of stationary phase is typically used in reverse phase HPLC?
What type of stationary phase is typically used in reverse phase HPLC?
In ion exchange chromatography, what property is primarily used for separation?
In ion exchange chromatography, what property is primarily used for separation?
Which type of chromatography would be suitable for separating chiral compounds?
Which type of chromatography would be suitable for separating chiral compounds?
Why is gas chromatography suitable for separating volatile organic compounds?
Why is gas chromatography suitable for separating volatile organic compounds?
What is the most appropriate chromatography technique for separating ionic compounds based on charge?
What is the most appropriate chromatography technique for separating ionic compounds based on charge?
In liquid chromatography, what is the purpose of using a gradient of water and a water-miscible organic solvent like acetonitrile?
In liquid chromatography, what is the purpose of using a gradient of water and a water-miscible organic solvent like acetonitrile?
Which type of chromatography would be most suitable for separating large biomolecules based on size?
Which type of chromatography would be most suitable for separating large biomolecules based on size?
Why can cholesterol be separated by reverse phase HPLC but not by gas chromatography?
Why can cholesterol be separated by reverse phase HPLC but not by gas chromatography?
What distinguishes normal phase liquid chromatography from reverse phase liquid chromatography?
What distinguishes normal phase liquid chromatography from reverse phase liquid chromatography?
Which type of column would be most appropriate for separating cholesterol by reverse phase HPLC?
Which type of column would be most appropriate for separating cholesterol by reverse phase HPLC?
For which type of compounds is gas chromatography not suitable due to thermal instability?
For which type of compounds is gas chromatography not suitable due to thermal instability?
What role does the mobile phase play in gas chromatography?
What role does the mobile phase play in gas chromatography?
What is the purpose of using isocratic elution in HPLC?
What is the purpose of using isocratic elution in HPLC?
In ion exchange chromatography, what type of resin beads are commonly used as the stationary phase?
In ion exchange chromatography, what type of resin beads are commonly used as the stationary phase?
Which type of chromatography is specifically used for separating chiral compounds?
Which type of chromatography is specifically used for separating chiral compounds?
What does TLC stand for in chromatography?
What does TLC stand for in chromatography?
What role does the carrier gas play in gas chromatography?
What role does the carrier gas play in gas chromatography?
Why is gradient elution commonly used in reverse-phase HPLC for separating polar compounds?
Why is gradient elution commonly used in reverse-phase HPLC for separating polar compounds?
Which parameter does the van Deemter equation describe regarding chromatographic peaks?
Which parameter does the van Deemter equation describe regarding chromatographic peaks?
What type of chromatography uses porous beads made from polymers like agarose or dextran?
What type of chromatography uses porous beads made from polymers like agarose or dextran?
What does SEC stand for in chromatography when coupled with another mode like ion exchange?
What does SEC stand for in chromatography when coupled with another mode like ion exchange?
What is the main purpose of using a chiral stationary phase in chromatography?
What is the main purpose of using a chiral stationary phase in chromatography?
What is the primary purpose of chiral stationary phases in chromatography?
What is the primary purpose of chiral stationary phases in chromatography?
In size exclusion chromatography (SEC), what property is primarily used for separation?
In size exclusion chromatography (SEC), what property is primarily used for separation?
What is the main difference in the mobile phase between gas chromatography (GC) and liquid chromatography (LC)?
What is the main difference in the mobile phase between gas chromatography (GC) and liquid chromatography (LC)?
Which chromatography technique is best suited for separating inorganic ions?
Which chromatography technique is best suited for separating inorganic ions?
What is the primary factor that determines the retention of compounds in chromatography?
What is the primary factor that determines the retention of compounds in chromatography?
Which chromatography technique is preferred for separating chiral drugs?
Which chromatography technique is preferred for separating chiral drugs?
What is the primary difference between reverse phase LC and normal phase LC?
What is the primary difference between reverse phase LC and normal phase LC?
'Method validation tests parameters like linearity, range, accuracy, precision, specificity, limit of detection and quantification' primarily aim to ensure:
'Method validation tests parameters like linearity, range, accuracy, precision, specificity, limit of detection and quantification' primarily aim to ensure:
'GC-MS identifies unknowns based on mass spectra and retention index' primarily enhances confidence in:
'GC-MS identifies unknowns based on mass spectra and retention index' primarily enhances confidence in:
Which chromatography technique would be most suitable for separating large biomolecules such as proteins and polymers?
Which chromatography technique would be most suitable for separating large biomolecules such as proteins and polymers?
What type of compounds are typically separated using reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)?
What type of compounds are typically separated using reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)?
Which chromatography technique exploits specific biological interactions like antibody-antigen binding?
Which chromatography technique exploits specific biological interactions like antibody-antigen binding?
For which type of compounds is gas chromatography (GC) typically used as the separation method?
For which type of compounds is gas chromatography (GC) typically used as the separation method?
Which type of stationary phase is most suitable for non-polar or slightly polar compounds in gas chromatography?
Which type of stationary phase is most suitable for non-polar or slightly polar compounds in gas chromatography?
What is the primary factor that Size Exclusion Chromatography (SEC) uses to separate molecules?
What is the primary factor that Size Exclusion Chromatography (SEC) uses to separate molecules?
Which chromatography technique is best suited for separating ions based on charge state?
Which chromatography technique is best suited for separating ions based on charge state?
Flashcards are hidden until you start studying
Study Notes
Chromatography Techniques
- Ion Exchange Chromatography: separates ions based on charge state using cation or anion exchange resins; suitable for separating amino acids, peptides, inorganic ions
- uses cation or anion exchange resin as stationary phase
- separates based on charge-to-size ratio
- Reverse Phase Liquid Chromatography (HPLC): separates compounds based on hydrophobicity
- uses non-polar stationary phase (e.g. C18) and polar mobile phase (e.g. water/acetonitrile)
- suitable for separating moderately polar to non-polar compounds like lipids, pesticides, drugs
- Normal Phase Liquid Chromatography (HPLC): separates compounds based on polarity
- uses polar stationary phase (e.g. silica) and non-polar mobile phase (e.g. hexane/ethyl acetate)
- suitable for separating polar compounds like alcohols, amines, acids
- Size Exclusion Chromatography (SEC): separates compounds based on size/molecular weight
- uses porous beads that selectively retard passage of larger molecules
- suitable for separating polymers, proteins, oligosaccharides by molecular weight
- Affinity Chromatography: separates compounds based on biological interactions
- exploits specific biological recognition between protein and ligand attached to stationary phase
- suitable for purifying target biomolecules from complex mixtures
Applications of Chromatography
- Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs): Gas Chromatography (GC) is typically used
- Thermally Labile Compounds: Liquid Chromatography (LC) techniques like HPLC are preferred
- Polar Compounds: Reverse Phase HPLC or Normal Phase HPLC can be used
- Large Biomolecules: Size Exclusion Chromatography (SEC) is suitable
- Chiral Separations: Chiral stationary phases in GC or HPLC can be used
- Ionizable Compounds: Ion Exchange Chromatography separates based on charge state
- Inorganic Ions: Ion Chromatography uses different eluents and stationary phases tailored for separating anions/cations
- Metal Complexes: Specialized techniques like TLC may be required
Gas Chromatography (GC)
- Column: long, narrow capillary tubing coated internally with a thin film of stationary phase
- Mobile Phase: inert gas like helium
- Separation: based on differences in volatility and affinity between analytes and stationary phase
- Detection: usually by Flame Ionization Detector (FID) or Mass Spectrometer (MS)
High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)
- Column: contains tiny porous particles packed into a stainless steel tube
- Mobile Phase: starts with water then increases proportion of water-miscible organic solvent like acetonitrile or methanol
- Separation: based on interactions between analytes and mobile/stationary phases
- Detection: usually by UV/Vis or Mass Spectrometer (MS)
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.