HPG Axis: Hormone Agonists and Antagonists

What is the primary function of the hypothalamus in the HPG axis?

Production of testosterone
Release of FSH and LH
Production of GnRH (correct)
Regulation of secondary sex characteristics

Which of the following is a GnRH antagonist?

Follitropin
Degarelix (correct)
Leuprolide
Menotropin

What is the effect of estrogen on endometrial tissue?

Induces apoptosis
Inhibits growth
Drives growth (correct)
Has no effect

What is the primary use of aromatase inhibitors in HPG axis therapy?

Treatment of hormone-dependent cancers (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism of action of spironolactone?

Antagonism of testosterone (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary use of GnRH agonists in HPG axis therapy?

Suppression of puberty in precocious puberty (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of HPG axis disruption on ovulation?

Irregular ovulation (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary use of progestins in HPG axis therapy?

Contraception (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of testosterone on spermatogenesis?

Stimulates spermatogenesis (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of continuous use of GnRH on LH and FSH?

It decreases LH and FSH (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism of GnRH agonists in suppressing LH and FSH?

They inhibit the release of GnRH from the hypothalamus (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of using GnRH antagonists in IVF treatment?

To induce ovulation and control its timing (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of GnRH on testosterone production?

It decreases testosterone production through negative feedback (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary indication for using GnRH agonists in prostate cancer treatment?

To reduce the growth of prostate cancer cells (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the common side effect of GnRH agonists and antagonists?

All of the above (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of using GnRH agonists in gender-affirming hormone therapy?

To delay puberty in gender dysphoric children (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of estrogen on its own production?

It has a mixed feedback effect on its own production (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between GnRH agonists and antagonists?

GnRH agonists have a initial flare-up, while antagonists do not (D) Signup and view all the answers

What type of hormones are gonadotropins?

Glycopeptide hormones (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which cell type produces LH and FSH?

Gonadotrophs (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of hCG in infertility treatment?

To stimulate ovulation (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the goal of controlled ovarian stimulation?

To harvest multiple oocytes (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of GnRH agonist in infertility treatment?

To suppress endogenous cycle (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of Menotropin in fertility treatment?

To stimulate follicle development (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the common side effect of ovarian stimulation?

Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (B) Signup and view all the answers

What causes ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome?

Excessive stimulation of ovaries (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome?

Bloating and weight gain (B) Signup and view all the answers