34 Questions
What are the indicators of abnormality?
Subjective distress, maladaptiveness, statistical deviancy, violation of societal standards, social discomfort, irrationality, and unpredictability.
What is the DSM-5's definition of a psychological disorder?
Clinically significant difficulties in thinking, feeling, or behaving, dysfunction in psychological, developmental, and/or neurobiological processes, personal distress and/or impairment in functioning.
What is stigma?
Ignorance, prejudice, and unhelpful or discriminatory responses to people with mental health problems.
What are the different kinds of stigma?
Personal or public stigma, self-stigma, and perceived stigma.
What did Philippe Pinel and William Tuke do?
They helped establish more humane treatments and laws to improve care for people with mental illness.
What is the psychoanalytic perspective?
It emphasizes childhood experiences, unconscious influences, and the cause and purpose of behavior.
What is the behavioural perspective?
It emphasizes observable behavior and learning through classical and instrumental conditioning.
What is the cognitive-behavioural perspective?
It emphasizes thoughts, self-efficacy, cognitive distortions, and attentional bias.
What is the biological perspective?
It focuses on genetic vulnerabilities, neurotransmitter and hormonal imbalances, brain dysfunction, and neural plasticity.
What is the social perspective?
It emphasizes exposure to uncontrollable and unpredictable frightening life events, early life deprivation or trauma, problems with caregivers, marital discord and divorce, low SES and unemployment, maladaptive peer relationships, and prejudice and discrimination.
What are multidimensional models of psychopathology?
They are interdisciplinary, eclectic, and integrative, drawing upon information from several sources to consider the interactive nature of influences and the importance of maintaining factors for treatment.
What are the indicators of abnormality?
Subjective distress, maladaptiveness, statistical deviancy, violation of societal standards, social discomfort, irrationality, and unpredictability.
What is the DSM-5's definition of a psychological disorder?
Clinically significant difficulties in thinking, feeling, or behaving, dysfunction in psychological, developmental, and/or neurobiological processes, personal distress and/or impairment in functioning.
What is stigma?
Ignorance, prejudice, and unhelpful or discriminatory responses to people with mental health problems.
What are the different kinds of stigma?
Personal or public stigma, self-stigma, and perceived stigma.
What did Philippe Pinel and William Tuke do?
They helped establish more humane treatments and laws to improve care for people with mental illness.
What is the psychoanalytic perspective?
It emphasizes childhood experiences, unconscious influences, and the cause and purpose of behavior.
What is the behavioural perspective?
It emphasizes observable behavior and learning through classical and instrumental conditioning.
What is the cognitive-behavioural perspective?
It emphasizes thoughts, self-efficacy, cognitive distortions, and attentional bias.
What is the biological perspective?
It focuses on genetic vulnerabilities, neurotransmitter and hormonal imbalances, brain dysfunction, and neural plasticity.
What is the social perspective?
It emphasizes exposure to uncontrollable and unpredictable frightening life events, early life deprivation or trauma, problems with caregivers, marital discord and divorce, low SES and unemployment, maladaptive peer relationships, and prejudice and discrimination.
What are multidimensional models of psychopathology?
They are interdisciplinary, eclectic, and integrative, drawing upon information from several sources to consider the interactive nature of influences and the importance of maintaining factors for treatment.
What are the indicators of abnormality as defined in the text?
Subjective distress, maladaptiveness, statistical deviancy, violation of societal standards, social discomfort, irrationality, and unpredictability
What is the DSM-5's definition of a psychological disorder?
Clinically significant difficulties in thinking, feeling, or behaving, dysfunction in psychological, developmental, and/or neurobiological processes, personal distress and/or impairment in functioning
What is the definition of stigma as provided in the text?
Ignorance, prejudice, and unhelpful or discriminatory responses to people with mental health problems
What are the different types of stigma as described in the text?
Personal or public stigma, self-stigma, and perceived stigma
Who helped establish more humane treatments and laws to improve care for people with mental illness?
Philippe Pinel and William Tuke
What are the contemporary views on psychopathology as described in the text?
Psychoanalytic perspective, interpersonal perspective, attachment theory, behavioural perspective, cognitive-behavioural perspective, and biological and social perspectives
What is the psychoanalytic perspective's emphasis?
Childhood experiences, unconscious influences, and the cause and purpose of behavior
What does the behavioural perspective emphasize?
Observable behavior and learning through classical and instrumental conditioning
What does the cognitive-behavioural perspective emphasize?
Thoughts, self-efficacy, cognitive distortions, and attentional bias
What does the biological perspective focus on?
Genetic vulnerabilities, neurotransmitter and hormonal imbalances, brain dysfunction, and neural plasticity
What does the social perspective emphasize?
Exposure to uncontrollable and unpredictable frightening life events, early life deprivation or trauma, problems with caregivers, marital discord and divorce, low SES and unemployment, maladaptive peer relationships, and prejudice and discrimination
What do multidimensional models of psychopathology do?
Draw upon information from several sources to consider the interactive nature of influences and the importance of maintaining factors for treatment
Study Notes
Introduction to Psychopathology: Science, Abnormality, Stigma, and Contemporary Views
- Psychopathology is the scientific study of psychological disorders, and psychologists rely on their scientific skills to ask meaningful questions, keep up to date on research, critically evaluate information, and deliver effective treatment.
- Indicators of abnormality include subjective distress, maladaptiveness, statistical deviancy, violation of societal standards, social discomfort, irrationality, and unpredictability.
- Decisions about abnormal behavior involve judgments based on cultural values, and different cultures may have different clinical presentations of a disorder.
- The DSM-5 defines a psychological disorder as clinically significant difficulties in thinking, feeling, or behaving, dysfunction in psychological, developmental, and/or neurobiological processes, personal distress and/or impairment in functioning.
- Stigma encompasses ignorance, prejudice, and unhelpful or discriminatory responses to people with mental health problems, and it can negatively affect self-esteem and help-seeking.
- Different kinds of stigma include personal or public stigma, self-stigma, and perceived stigma, and mental health literacy affects each type differently.
- Historical stigmas towards mental illness were tied to beliefs in demonology, gods, magic, and supernatural causes, but Philippe Pinel and William Tuke helped establish more humane treatments and laws to improve care for people with mental illness.
- Contemporary views on psychopathology include the psychoanalytic perspective, interpersonal perspective, attachment theory, behavioural perspective, cognitive-behavioural perspective, and biological and social perspectives.
- The psychoanalytic perspective emphasizes childhood experiences, unconscious influences, and the cause and purpose of behavior, but it has been heavily criticized for its lack of formal research and testable ideas.
- The behavioural perspective emphasizes observable behavior and learning through classical and instrumental conditioning, while the cognitive-behavioural perspective emphasizes thoughts, self-efficacy, cognitive distortions, and attentional bias.
- The biological perspective focuses on genetic vulnerabilities, neurotransmitter and hormonal imbalances, brain dysfunction, and neural plasticity, while the social perspective emphasizes exposure to uncontrollable and unpredictable frightening life events, early life deprivation or trauma, problems with caregivers, marital discord and divorce, low SES and unemployment, maladaptive peer relationships, and prejudice and discrimination.
- Multidimensional models of psychopathology are interdisciplinary, eclectic, and integrative, drawing upon information from several sources to consider the interactive nature of influences and the importance of maintaining factors for treatment.
Test your knowledge on the fascinating field of psychopathology with this engaging quiz! Explore the science behind psychological disorders, including the indicators of abnormality and the DSM-5 definition of psychological disorder. Discover the impact of stigma on mental health and the historical and contemporary views on psychopathology. With questions covering various perspectives and multidimensional models of psychopathology, this quiz will challenge your understanding of this complex field. Perfect for students, professionals, and anyone interested in psychology!
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