Histoplasmosis

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Questions and Answers

What is the difference between the radiographic pattern of pulmonary histoplasmosis and tuberculosis?

Pulmonary histoplasmosis has larger calcifications in the parenchyma and mediastinum (correct)
Tuberculosis has smaller calcifications in the parenchyma and mediastinum
Pulmonary histoplasmosis has smaller calcifications in the parenchyma and mediastinum
Tuberculosis has larger calcifications in the parenchyma and mediastinum

What is the drug of choice for severe, refractory, or relapsing pulmonary histoplasmosis infections?

Posaconazole
Amphotericin B (correct)
Itraconazole
Voriconazole

What is the recommended temperature for incubating cultures of Histoplasma capsulatum?

30°C (correct)
37°C
20°C
40°C

What is the saprobic state of H. capsulatum?

Hyphae with conidiophores (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the most sensitive method for detecting acute pulmonary histoplasmosis?

Testing both urine and serum (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the fungus that causes histoplasmosis?

Histoplasma capsulatum var. capsulatum (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the advantage of using nucleic acid probes for identifying H. capsulatum?

All of the above (A) Signup and view all the answers

How is histoplasmosis acquired?

By inhalation of aerosolized conidia (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is Chronic Cavitary Pulmonary Histoplasmosis?

An indolent, progressive respiratory infection of patients with underlying chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which regions have reported symptomatic histoplasmosis due to environmental isolation of H. capsulatum in the setting of patients who receive immunosuppressive therapy?

Southeast Asia, the Indian continent, and the Middle East (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common site of involvement in Chronic Progressive Disseminated Histoplasmosis?

Lungs (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which patients should be treated with itraconazole for acute pulmonary histoplasmosis?

Immunocompetent patients (A) Signup and view all the answers

Where is histoplasmosis endemic in the United States?

Great Lakes region (C) Signup and view all the answers

What type of stain is recommended for examining H. capsulatum?

Calcofluor white stain (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common clinical feature of histoplasmosis in immunocompetent hosts?

Asymptomatic (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the most specific method for detecting antibodies to H. capsulatum?

Immunoprecipitating antibodies to the H antigen (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the preferred agent for chronic cavitary histoplasmosis?

Itraconazole (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the clinical manifestation of Acute Disseminated Histoplasmosis in children?

Marked hepatosplenomegaly, gastrointestinal bleeding, and anemia (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common symptom of Chronic Progressive Disseminated Histoplasmosis?

Abdominal pain and diarrhea (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between APPH and Chronic Cavitary Pulmonary Histoplasmosis?

APPH develops in immunocompetent hosts exposed to a heavy inoculum, while Chronic Cavitary Pulmonary Histoplasmosis is an indolent, progressive respiratory infection of patients with underlying chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (A) Signup and view all the answers

What other diseases can histoplasmosis be mistaken for due to similar symptoms?

All of the above (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical clinical site for African histoplasmosis?

Skin and bone (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended transport method for diagnostic specimens of Histoplasma capsulatum?

Transport in a sealed container (C) Signup and view all the answers

What are the symptoms of Acute primary pulmonary histoplasmosis (APPH)?

Fever, erythema nodosum, and a brassy cough (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the diagnosis method for African histoplasmosis?

Biopsy, smears, and cultures from skin or bone lesions (B) Signup and view all the answers

When should a tissue diagnosis be pursued for suspected histoplasmosis?

When the Histoplasma antigen test on urine and serum is negative (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the treatment for African histoplasmosis?

Surgery followed by oral itraconazole (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the environmental control for histoplasmosis?

Spray contaminated soil with 3% cresol or formalin (B) Signup and view all the answers

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