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Questions and Answers
Questions and Answers
What is cysticercosis?
What is cysticercosis?
- The infection of human tissues with larvae of the dog tapeworm, Echinococcus granulosus.
- The infection of human tissues with larvae of the beef tapeworm, Taenia saginata
- The infection of human tissues with larvae of the cat tapeworm, Taenia taeniaeformis.
- The infection of human tissues with larvae of the pork tapeworm, Taenia solium. (correct)
What is the key tool for the diagnosis of neurocysticercosis?
What is the key tool for the diagnosis of neurocysticercosis?
- Plain radiographs
- Magnetic resonance imaging (correct)
- Computed tomography
- Enzyme-linked immunoelectrotransfer blot
What is the most effective diagnostic tool for identifying NCC?
What is the most effective diagnostic tool for identifying NCC?
- Blood test
- Urine test
- X-ray
- CT or MRI imaging (correct)
What are the two major forms of cysticerci found in the central nervous system?
What are the two major forms of cysticerci found in the central nervous system?
What are the two major clinical forms of neurocysticercosis?
What are the two major clinical forms of neurocysticercosis?
Which disease is estimated to be the most common parasitic infection of the brain worldwide?
Which disease is estimated to be the most common parasitic infection of the brain worldwide?
What is the size range of spherical or ovoid cysticerci found in the CNS?
What is the size range of spherical or ovoid cysticerci found in the CNS?
What is the most common type of seizure associated with intraparenchymal cysticercosis?
What is the most common type of seizure associated with intraparenchymal cysticercosis?
What is the assay of choice to detect infection-specific antibodies in serum or CSF?
What is the assay of choice to detect infection-specific antibodies in serum or CSF?
What is the most accurate way to identify the species of Taenia?
What is the most accurate way to identify the species of Taenia?
What is the assay of choice for detecting infection-specific antibodies in serum or CSF?
What is the assay of choice for detecting infection-specific antibodies in serum or CSF?
What confirms the diagnosis of NCC?
What confirms the diagnosis of NCC?
In which continents is cysticercosis endemic?
In which continents is cysticercosis endemic?
What is the characteristic feature of the lobulated, vesicular structures found in the basal cisternal spaces?
What is the characteristic feature of the lobulated, vesicular structures found in the basal cisternal spaces?
What is the frequent cause of obstructive hydrocephalus in endemic regions?
What is the frequent cause of obstructive hydrocephalus in endemic regions?
What is the prevalence of concurrent taeniasis in neurocysticercosis patients overall?
What is the prevalence of concurrent taeniasis in neurocysticercosis patients overall?
What percentage of NCC patients also have Taeniasis?
What percentage of NCC patients also have Taeniasis?
What is Brun's syndrome?
What is Brun's syndrome?
What is the difference between intestinal T. saginata and T. solium eggs?
What is the difference between intestinal T. saginata and T. solium eggs?
What factors affect the prevalence of cysticercosis?
What factors affect the prevalence of cysticercosis?
What is the most common type of cysticerci infecting the eye?
What is the most common type of cysticerci infecting the eye?
What is the treatment for living brain parasites in NCC?
What is the treatment for living brain parasites in NCC?
What is the drug of choice for anti-parasitic treatment of cysticercosis?
What is the drug of choice for anti-parasitic treatment of cysticercosis?
What percentage of seizure disorders in endemic countries are caused by NCC?
What percentage of seizure disorders in endemic countries are caused by NCC?
What is the preferred treatment for neurocysticercosis?
What is the preferred treatment for neurocysticercosis?
What is the most accurate method for definitive identification of Taenia spp. species?
What is the most accurate method for definitive identification of Taenia spp. species?
How is cysticercosis contracted?
How is cysticercosis contracted?
What is the most common symptom of patients with subcutaneous cysticerci?
What is the most common symptom of patients with subcutaneous cysticerci?
What is the sensitivity of antigen detection ELISA assays in intraparenchymal NCC?
What is the sensitivity of antigen detection ELISA assays in intraparenchymal NCC?
What is the prevalence of eosinophils in the CSF of neurocysticercosis patients?
What is the prevalence of eosinophils in the CSF of neurocysticercosis patients?
Where do living cysticerci actively evade and suppress immune recognition?
Where do living cysticerci actively evade and suppress immune recognition?
How is the diagnosis of NCC supported?
How is the diagnosis of NCC supported?
Is treatment necessary for asymptomatic subcutaneous or intramuscular cysticerci?
Is treatment necessary for asymptomatic subcutaneous or intramuscular cysticerci?
Are pediatric cases of NCC different from those in adults?
Are pediatric cases of NCC different from those in adults?
What is the treatment for intracranial hypertension associated with neurocysticercosis?
What is the treatment for intracranial hypertension associated with neurocysticercosis?
What causes symptoms in cysticercosis?
What causes symptoms in cysticercosis?
What is the preferred drug for anti-parasitic treatment of neurocysticercosis?
What is the preferred drug for anti-parasitic treatment of neurocysticercosis?
What is the prevalence of eosinophils in CSF of NCC patients?
What is the prevalence of eosinophils in CSF of NCC patients?
What is the sensitivity of antigen detection ELISA assays in intraparenchymal NCC?
What is the sensitivity of antigen detection ELISA assays in intraparenchymal NCC?
Can inflammation around the cysticerci be asymptomatic?
Can inflammation around the cysticerci be asymptomatic?
What is the size of living cysticerci visible on CNS imaging?
What is the size of living cysticerci visible on CNS imaging?
What is the most sensitive imaging modality for detecting edema and inflammation associated with NCC?
What is the most sensitive imaging modality for detecting edema and inflammation associated with NCC?
What is the role of anti-convulsants in the treatment of neurocysticercosis?
What is the role of anti-convulsants in the treatment of neurocysticercosis?
Questions and Answers
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Study Notes
Study Notes
- Cysticercosis is the infection of human tissues with larvae of the pork tapeworm, Taenia solium.
- Neurocysticercosis (NCC) is estimated to be the most common parasitic infection of the brain and of adult-onset epilepsy worldwide.
- Cysticercosis is endemic on all continents except Australasia and is common in non-Muslim developing countries, including much of South and Central America, Asia, and Africa.
- Prevalence varies depending on the prevalence and type of animal husbandry, hygiene, and dietary practices.
- In endemic countries, approximately 30% of seizure disorders are caused by NCC.
- Cysticercosis is contracted when humans ingest material contaminated by human feces containing tapeworm eggs, not from eating infected pork containing cysticerci.
- Living cysticerci actively evade and suppress immune recognition, especially within immunologically privileged sites, such as the brain and the eyes.
- Symptoms typically result from inflammation due to the host's immune response to dying cysticerci.
- Inflammation around the cysticerci can be asymptomatic or lead to acute symptoms that can be fatal.
- In the central nervous system (CNS), two major forms of cysticerci are found.
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