Coccidioidomycosis
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Questions and Answers

What is the drug of choice for less severely ill patients with coccidioidomycosis?

  • Voriconazole
  • Posaconazole
  • Amphotericin B
  • Fluconazole (correct)
  • What is the genus of fungi that causes coccidioidomycosis?

  • Candida
  • Aspergillus
  • Coccidioides (correct)
  • Cryptococcus
  • What is the characteristic size range of the spherules produced by Coccidioides?

  • 30-40 µm diameter
  • 50-60 µm diameter
  • 8-24 µm diameter (correct)
  • 2-6 µm diameter
  • What are the typical symptoms of a pulmonary coccidioidomycosis infection?

    <p>Fever, dry cough, and pleuritic chest pain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the reported incidence of hospitalizations among children in endemic regions?

    <p>8 to 12/100,000</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of coccidioides isolates have elevated MIC values to fluconazole?

    <p>37%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of hospitalized children had pulmonary disease according to one series?

    <p>56%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common site for coccidioidomycosis to disseminate to?

    <p>Central nervous system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of patients with primary pneumonia experience chronic pulmonary infiltrates, cough, and pleuritic chest pain?

    <p>5% to 19%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary method of transmission of Coccidioides?

    <p>Airborne inhalation of conidia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended treatment for life-threatening coccidioidomycosis?

    <p>Amphotericin B</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of immune response is necessary for protective immunity against Coccidioides?

    <p>Both Th1 and Th2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the endemic area for coccidioidomycosis?

    <p>Deserts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common extrapulmonary manifestation of coccidioidomycosis?

    <p>Skin lesions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the gold-standard technique for the diagnosis of coccidioidomycosis?

    <p>Culture of the organism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for the increase in coccidioidomycosis cases in Arizona?

    <p>Soil disturbance from construction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) like in patients with coccidioidal meningitis?

    <p>Shows lymphocytosis and hypoglycorrhachia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended approach for handling culture plates with suspected mycelia?

    <p>Seal them and open them carefully</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the response to therapy considered when the cumulative score is reduced to less than what percentage of baseline?

    <p>50%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the prognosis for untreated coccidioidal meningitis?

    <p>Fatal within 2 years</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ethnic/racial group has the highest rate of coccidioidomycosis in Arizona?

    <p>African American</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the sensitivity of the urinary antigen test in moderate to severe disease?

    <p>71%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which antifungal agents are recommended as salvage therapy for azole failures?

    <p>Voriconazole and posaconazole</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the preferred treatment during the first trimester of pregnancy?

    <p>Amphotericin B</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an important adjunct to antifungal therapy in the management of coccidioidomycosis?

    <p>Immunosuppression</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What may be required for vertebral osteomyelitis?

    <p>Surgery</p> Signup and view all the answers

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    Description

    Test your knowledge about Coccidioidomycosis, a fungal infection that affects the lungs and other body parts. Learn about the causes, symptoms, and treatments of this disease through this informative quiz. Challenge yourself and see how much you know about this significant health problem in the southwestern United States and Mexico.

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